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- June 16, 2017.
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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
Author Information
- N. Maneka G. De Silva1*,
- Sylvain Sebert1,3*,
- Alexessander Couto Alves1*,
- Ulla Sovio4*,
- Shikta Das1*,
- Rob Taal5,6*,
- Nicole M. Warrington7,8,72,
- Alexandra M. Lewin1,9,
- Marika Kaakinen1,10,11,
- Diana Cousminer12,
- Elisabeth Thiering13,14,
- Nicholas J. Timpson15,16,
- Ville Karhunen2,
- Tom Bond1,
- Xavier Estivill17,21,
- Virpi Lindi22,
- Jonathan P. Bradfield23,
- Frank Geller24,
- Lachlan J.M. Coin1,25,
- Marie Loh1,2,26,
- Sheila J. Barton27,
- Lawrence J. Beilin28,
- Hans Bisgaard29,
- Klaus Bønnelykke29,30,
- Rohia Alili31,
- Ida J. Hatoum32,33,
- Katharina Schramm34,35,
- Rufus Cartwright1,36,
- Marie-Aline Charles37,
- Vincenzo Salerno1,
- Karine Clément31,37,
- Cornelia M. van Duijn38,
- Elena Moltchanova39,
- Johan G. Eriksson40,42,
- Cathy Elks43,
- Bjarke Feenstra24,
- Claudia Flexeder13,
- Stephen Franks36,
- Timothy M. Frayling44,
- Rachel M. Freathy44,
- Paul Elliott1,
- Elisabeth Widén45,
- Hakon Hakonarson12,23,46,47,
- Andrew T. Hattersley44,
- Alina Rodriguez1,48,
- Marco Banterle9,
- Joachim Heinrich13,
- Barbara Heude37,
- John W. Holloway49,
- Albert Hofman6,38,
- Elina Hyppönen50,51,
- Hazel Inskip27,
- Lee M. Kaplan32,33,
- Asa K. Hedman52,53,
- Esa Läärä54,
- Holger Prokisch34,35,
- Harald Grallert55,56,
- Timo A. Lakka22,57,58,
- Debbie A. Lawlor15,16,
- Mads Melbye24,
- Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia29,
- Marcella Marinelli19,20,59,
- Iona Y. Millwood60,61,
- Lyle J. Palmer62,
- Craig E. Pennell7,
- John R. Perry43,
- Susan M. Ring15,16,63,
- Markku Savolainen64,
- Kari Stefansson65,66,
- Gudmar Thorleifsson65,
- Fernando Rivadeneira38,67,
- Marie Standl13,
- Jordi Sunyer18,20,59,
- Carla M.T. Tiesler13,14,
- Andre G. Uitterlinden38,67,
- Inga Prokopenko1,10,52,68,
- Karl-Heinz Herzig69,71,
- George Davey Smith15,16,
- Paul O'Reilly1,72,
- Janine F. Felix6,
- Jessica L. Buxton73,
- Alexandra I.F. Blakemore73,74,
- Ken K. Ong43,
- Struan F.A. Grant12,23,46,47$,
- Vincent W.V. Jaddoe6,38$,
- Mark I. McCarthy52,68,75$,
- Marjo-Riitta Järvelin1,3,69,70,76,77$,
- for the Early Growth Genetics (EGG) Consortium
- 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, UK.
- 2Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- 3Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Finland.
- 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- 5Department of Paediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- 6The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- 7School of Women’s and Infants’ Health, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
- 8The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
- 9Department of Mathematics, Brunel University, London, UK.
- 10Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
- 11Centre for Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
- 12Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
- 13Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Zentrum München -, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich Neuherberg, Germany.
- 14Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Nutritional Medicine, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany.
- 15MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, UK.
- 16School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol.
- 17Genomics and Disease Group, Bioinformatics and Genomics Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- 18Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- 19Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- 20Spanish consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain.
- 21Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar.
- 22Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- 23Center for Applied Genomics, Abramson Research Center, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
- 24Department of Epidemiology Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 25Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- 26Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technologyand Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos, Level 5, Singapore 138648.
- 27MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
- 28School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Royal Perth Hospital, The University of Western Australia, Australia.
- 29COPSAC, The Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 30The Danish Pediatric Asthma Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Gentofte, Denmark.
- 31CRNH Ile de France, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
- 32Obesity, Metabolism, and Nutrition Institute and Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- 33Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- 34Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- 35Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
- 36Institute for Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, UK.
- 37Inserm, UMR 1153 (CRESS), Villejuif; Paris Descartes University, France.
- 38Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- 39University of Canterbury, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Christchurch, New Zealand.
- 40Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
- 41Department of Chronic Disease Prevention, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
- 42Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- 43MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 57, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- 44Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK.
- 45Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
- 46Department of Paediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
- 47Institute of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
- 48School of Psychology, College of Social Science, University of Lincoln Brayford Pool Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7TS, UK.
- 49Human Genetics and Medical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK.
- 50School of Population Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
- 51Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
- 52Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, UK.
- 53Cardiovascular Medicine unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
- 54Research Unit of Mathematical Sciences, University of Oulu, Finland.
- 55Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.
- 56German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD). Neuherberg, Germany.
- 57Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland.
- 58Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
- 59ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- 60Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, UK.
- 61Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit (MRC PHRU) at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- 62School of Public Health and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Australia.
- 63Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
- 64Division of Internal Medicine, and Biocenter of Oulu, Faculty of Medicine, Oulu University, Finland.
- 65deCODE genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.
- 66University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Iceland.
- 67Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
- 68Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, UK.
- 69Research Unit of Biomedicine, and Biocenter of Oulu, Oulu University, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
- 70Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
- 71Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
- 72MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
- 73UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
- 74Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK.
- 75Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Headington, Oxford, UK.
- 76Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital OYS, Finland.
- 77Department of Children and Young People and Families, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Oulu, Finland.
- Correspondence should be addressed to M.-R.J. (m.jarvelin{at}imperial.ac.uk), M.I.M. (mark.mccarthy{at}drl.ox.ac.uk), S.F.A.G. (grants{at}chop.edu), V.W.V.J. (v.jaddoe{at}erasmusmc.nl)
↵* These authors equally contributed to the work.