TY - JOUR T1 - Phylogenomic analyses of deep gastropod relationships reject Orthogastropoda JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/007039 SP - 007039 AU - Felipe Zapata AU - Nerida G. Wilson AU - Mark Howison AU - Sónia C.S. Andrade AU - Katharina M. Jörger AU - Michael Schrödl AU - Freya E. Goetz AU - Gonzalo Giribet AU - Casey W. Dunn Y1 - 2014/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2014/07/11/007039.1.abstract N2 - Gastropods are a highly diverse clade of molluscs that includes many familiar animals, such as limpets, snails, slugs, and sea slugs. It is one of the most abundant groups of animals in the sea and the only molluscan lineage that has successfully colonised land. Yet the relationships among and within its constituent clades have remained in flux for over a century of morphological, anatomical and molecular study. Here we re-evaluate gastropod phylogenetic relationships by collecting new transcriptome data for 40 species and analysing them in combination with publicly available genomes and transcriptomes. Our datasets include all five main gastropod clades: Patellogastropoda, Vetigastropoda, Neritimorpha, Caenogastropoda and Heterobranchia. We use two different methods to assign orthology, subsample each of these matrices into three increasingly dense subsets, and analyse all six of these supermatrices with two different models of molecular evolution. All twelve analyses yield the same unrooted network connecting the five major gastropod lineages. This reduces deep gastropod phylogeny to three alternative rooting hypotheses. These results reject the prevalent hypothesis of gastropod phylogeny, Orthogastropoda. Our dated tree is congruent with a possible end-Permian recovery of some gastropod clades, namely Caenogastropoda and some Heterobranchia subclades. ER -