TY - JOUR T1 - The Phenotypic, Genotypic, &amp; Environmental Drivers of Local Adaptation to a Harsh Granite Outcrop Environment in <em>Mimulus</em> JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/091538 SP - 091538 AU - Kathleen G. Ferris AU - John H. Willis Y1 - 2016/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/04/091538.abstract N2 - A primary goal in evolutionary biology is to understand what traits, genes, and environmental variables drive local adaptation. This is difficult since many traits and genes diverge simultaneously between populations.Here we investigate the traits, genetic regions, and ecological variables that underlie Mimulus laciniatus’ adaptation to granite outcrops. We measure selection on flowering time, flower size, and leaf shape in a reciprocal transplant using M. laciniatus x M. guttatus F4 hybrids, test whether a previously mapped pleiotropic life-history quantitative trait locus (QTL) controls fitness in the field, and use fine scale measurements of soil moisture and herbivory to determine the environmental drivers of adaptation.We find that M. laciniatus and M. guttatus exhibit a fecundity trade-off, strong selection for earlier flowering in granite outcrops, and advantageous flowering time plasticity. The direction of selection differs before vs. after flowering on our life-history QTL, and differences in drought &amp; herbivory drive survival differences between habitats.We conclude that M. laciniatus and M. guttatus are locally adapted to dramatically different microhabitats. While early flowering time underlies plant fitness in M. laciniatus’ seasonally dry environment, herbivore resistance and plant size are advantageous in a competitive mesic environment like M. guttatus’. ER -