RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Deep Multi-instance Networks with Sparse Label Assignment for Whole Mammogram Classification JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 095794 DO 10.1101/095794 A1 Wentao Zhu A1 Qi Lou A1 Yeeleng Scott Vang A1 Xiaohui Xie YR 2016 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/12/20/095794.abstract AB Mammogram classification is directly related to computer-aided diagnosis of breast cancer. Traditional methods requires great effort to annotate the training data by costly manual labeling and specialized computational models to detect these annotations during test. Inspired by the success of using deep convolutional features for natural image analysis and multi-instance learning for labeling a set of instances/patches, we propose end-to-end trained deep multiinstance networks for mass classification based on whole mammogram without the aforementioned costly need to annotate the training data. We explore three different schemes to construct deep multi-instance networks for whole mammogram classification. Experimental results on the INbreast dataset demonstrate the robustness of proposed deep networks compared to previous work using segmentation and detection annotations in the training.