@article {Levenstein084731, author = {Daniel Levenstein and Brendon O. Watson and John Rinzel and Gy{\"o}rgy Buzs{\'a}ki}, title = {Sleep regulation of the distribution of cortical firing rates}, elocation-id = {084731}, year = {2017}, doi = {10.1101/084731}, publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory}, abstract = {Sleep is thought to mediate mnemonic and homeostatic functions. However, the mechanism by which this brain state can implement both the {\textquotedblleft}selective{\textquotedblright} plasticity needed to consolidate novel memory traces as well as the {\textquotedblleft}general{\textquotedblright} plasticity necessary to maintain a well-functioning neuronal system is unclear. Recent findings show that both of these functions differentially affect neurons based on their intrinsic firing rate, a ubiquitous neuronal heterogeneity. Furthermore, they are both implemented by the NREM slow oscillation, which also distinguishes neurons based on firing rate during sequential activity at the DOWN-\>UP transition. These findings suggest a mechanism by which spiking activity during the slow oscillation acts to maintain network statistics that promote a skewed distribution of neuronal firing rates, and {\textquotedblleft}perturbation{\textquotedblright} of that activity by hippocampal replay acts to integrate new memory traces into the existing cortical network.}, URL = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/09/084731}, eprint = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/01/09/084731.full.pdf}, journal = {bioRxiv} }