RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Environmentally-Friendly Workflow Based on Supercritical Fluid Chromatography and Tandem Mass Spectrometry Molecular Networking For the Discovery of Potent Anti-Viral Leads From Plants JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 106153 DO 10.1101/106153 A1 Louis-Félix Nothias A1 Stéphanie Boutet-Mercey A1 Xavier Cachet A1 Erick De La Torre A1 Laurent Laboureur A1 Jean-François Gallard A1 Pascal Retailleau A1 Alain Brunelle A1 Pieter C. Dorrestein A1 Jean Costa A1 Luis M. Bedoya A1 Fanny Roussi A1 Pieter Leyssen A1 José Alcami A1 Julien Paolini A1 Marc Litaudon A1 David Touboul YR 2017 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/02/05/106153.abstract AB A supercritical fluid chromatography-based targeted purification workflow using tandem mass spectrometry and molecular networking was developed to analyze, annotate and isolate secondary metabolites from complex mixture. This approach was applied for targeted isolation of new antiviral diterpene esters from Euphorbia semiperfoliata whole plant extract. The analysis of bioactive fractions revealed that unknown diterpene esters, including jatrophane esters and phorboids esters, were present in the samples. The purification procedure using semi-preparative-supercritical fluid chromatography led to the isolation and identification of two jatrophane esters (13 and 14) and four 4-deoxyphorbol esters (15-18). Compound 16 was found to display antiviral activity against chikungunya virus (EC50 = 0.45 µM), while compound 15 was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of HIV-1 replication in a recombinant virus assay (EC50 = 13 nM). This study showed that supercritical fluid chromatography-based workflow and molecular networking can facilitate and accelerate the discovery of bioactive small molecules by targeted molecules of interest, while minimizing the use of toxic solvents.