TY - JOUR T1 - The house spider genome reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication during arachnid evolution JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/106385 SP - 106385 AU - Evelyn E. Schwager AU - Prashant P. Sharma AU - Thomas Clarke AU - Daniel J. Leite AU - Torsten Wierschin AU - Matthias Pechmann AU - Yasuko Akiyama-Oda AU - Lauren Esposito AU - Jesper Bechsgaard AU - Trine Bilde AU - Alexandra D. Buffry AU - Hsu Chao AU - Huyen Dinh AU - HarshaVardhan Doddapaneni AU - Shannon Dugan AU - Cornelius Eibner AU - Cassandra G. Extavour AU - Peter Funch AU - Jessica Garb AU - Luis B. Gonzalez AU - Vanessa L. Gonzalez AU - Sam Griffiths-Jones AU - Yi Han AU - Cheryl Hayashi AU - Maarten Hilbrant AU - Daniel S.T. Hughes AU - Ralf Janssen AU - Sandra L. Lee AU - Ignacio Maeso AU - Shwetha C. Murali AU - Donna M. Muzny AU - Rodrigo Nunes da Fonseca AU - Christian L. B. Paese AU - Jiaxin Qu AU - Matthew Ronshaugen AU - Christoph Schomburg AU - Anna Schönauer AU - Angelika Stollewerk AU - Montserrat Torres-Oliva AU - Natascha Turetzek AU - Bram Vanthournout AU - John H. Werren AU - Carsten Wolff AU - Kim C. Worley AU - Gregor Bucher AU - Richard A. Gibbs AU - Jonathan Coddington AU - Hiroki Oda AU - Mario Stanke AU - Nadia A. Ayoub AU - Nikola-Michael Prpic AU - Jean-Frangois Flot AU - Nico Posnien AU - Stephen Richards AU - Alistair P. McGregor Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/02/21/106385.abstract N2 - The duplication of genes can occur through various mechanisms and is thought to make a major contribution to the evolutionary diversification of organisms. There is increasing evidence for a large-scale duplication of genes in some chelicerate lineages including two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) in horseshoe crabs. To investigate this further we sequenced and analyzed the genome of the common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. We found pervasive duplication of both coding and non-coding genes in this spider, including two clusters of Hox genes. Analysis of synteny conservation across the P. tepidariorum genome suggests that there has been an ancient WGD in spiders. Comparison with the genomes of other chelicerates, including that of the newly sequenced bark scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus, suggests that this event occurred in the common ancestor of spiders and scorpions and is probably independent of the WGDs in horseshoe crabs. Furthermore, characterization of the sequence and expression of the Hox paralogs in P. tepidariorum suggests that many have been subject to neofunctionalization and/or subfunctionalization since their duplication, and therefore may have contributed to the diversification of spiders and other pulmonate arachnids. ER -