PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - He Huang
AU  - Malia A. Gehan
AU  - Sarah E. Huss
AU  - Sophie Alvarez
AU  - Cesar Lizarraga
AU  - Ellen L. Gruebbling
AU  - John Gierer
AU  - Michael J. Naldrett
AU  - Rebecca K. Bindbeutel
AU  - Bradley S. Evans
AU  - Todd C. Mockler
AU  - Dmitri A. Nusinow
TI  - Cross-species complementation reveals conserved functions for EARLY FLOWERING 3 between monocots and dicots
AID  - 10.1101/131185
DP  - 2017 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 131185
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/05/04/131185.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/05/04/131185.full
AB  - Plant responses to the environment are shaped by external stimuli and internal signaling pathways. In both the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and crop species, circadian clock factors have been identified as critical for growth, flowering and circadian rhythms. Outside of A. thaliana, however, little is known about the molecular function of clock genes. Therefore, we sought to compare the function of Brachypodium distachyon and Seteria viridis orthologs of EARLY FLOWERING3, a key clock gene in A. thaliana. To identify both cycling genes and putative ELF3 functional orthologs in S. viridis, a circadian RNA-seq dataset and online query tool (Diel Explorer) was generated as a community resource to explore expression profiles of Setaria genes under constant conditions after photo- or thermo-entrainment. The function of ELF3 orthologs from A. thaliana, B. distachyon, and S. viridis were tested for complementation of an elf3 mutation in A. thaliana. Despite comparably low sequence identity versus AtELF3 (less than 37%), both monocot orthologs were capable of rescuing hypocotyl elongation, flowering time and arrhythmic clock phenotypes. Molecular analysis using affinity purification and mass spectrometry to compare physical interactions also found that BdELF3 and SvELF3 could be integrated into similar complexes and networks as AtELF3, including forming a composite evening complex. Thus, we find that, despite 180 million years of separation, BdELF3 and SvELF3 can functionally complement loss of ELF3 at the molecular and physiological level.One Sentence Summary Orthologs of a key circadian clock component ELF3 from grasses functionally complement the Arabidopsis counterpart at the molecular and physiological level, in spite of high sequence divergence.