PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Alyssa J. Miller AU - Melinda S. Nagy AU - David R. Hill AU - Yu-Hwai Tsai AU - Yoshiro Aoki AU - Briana R. Dye AU - Alana M. Chin AU - Sha Huang AU - Michael A.H. Ferguson AU - Felix Zhou AU - Eric S. White AU - Vibha Lama AU - Jason R. Spence TI - <em>In vitro</em> induction and <em>in vivo</em> engraftment of lung bud tip progenitor cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells AID - 10.1101/108845 DP - 2017 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 108845 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/08/108845.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/08/108845.full AB - Author Contributions AJM and JRS conceived the study. AJM, MSN, BRD, YHT, SH, MAHF, YA, AMC, and ESW conducted experiments. AJM, DRH, BRD, YHT, MAHF, SH, MSN, YA, AMC, FZ, VL and JRS analyzed and interpreted results. ESW also provided critical materials and reagents. AJM and JRS wrote the manuscript. All authors read, edited and approved the final content of the manuscript.Conflicts of Interest The authors have no conflicts to declare.AbbreviationsBMPBone Morphogenic ProteinFGFFibroblast Growth FactorRAAll-Trans Retinoic AcidHLOHuman Lung OrganoidIn the current study, we identified that FGF7, CHIR-99021 and RA maintained isolated mouse and human lung bud tip progenitor cells in a multipotent state in vitro, and induced the differentiation of 3-dimensional lung-like epithelium from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). These hPSC-derived lung organoids were initially patterned, with airway-like interior domains and bud tip-like progenitor domains at the periphery. Bud tip-like domains could be isolated, expanded and maintained as a nearly homogeneous population by serial passaging. In situ hybridization, immunostaining and transcriptome-wide analysis showed that hPSC-derived bud tip progenitors were remarkably similar to human fetal bud tip progenitors. hPSC-derived bud tip progenitors retained multilineage differentiation capabilities in vitro, survived in vitro for over 16 weeks and could be easily frozen and thawed. Furthermore, hPSC-derived bud tip progenitors successfully engrafted into the proximal airways of immunocompromised NSG mouse lungs, where they began to express markers of mature proximal lung cells.