PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ghislain Vieilledent
AU  - Clovis Grinand
AU  - Fety A. Rakotomalala
AU  - Rija Ranaivosoa
AU  - Jean-Roger Rakotoarijaona
AU  - Thomas F. Allnutt
AU  - Frédéric Achard
TI  - Combining global tree cover loss data with historical national forest-cover maps to look at six decades of deforestation and forest fragmentation in Madagascar
AID  - 10.1101/147827
DP  - 2017 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 147827
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/08/147827.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/06/08/147827.full
AB  - The island of Madagascar has an unparalleled biodiversity, mainly located in the tropical forests of the island, which is highly threatened by anthropogenic deforestation. Scattered forest maps from past studies at national level with substantial gaps (due to presence of cloud cover on satellite imagery) prevent the analyzis of long-term deforestation trends in Madagascar.In this study, we propose a new approach combining historical (1953-2000) national forest-cover maps with recent (2001-2014) global annual tree cover loss data to look at six decades (1953-2014) of deforestation and forest fragmentation in Madagascar. We produced new forest-cover maps at 30 m resolution over the full territory of Madagascar for the year 1990, and annually from 2000 to 2014.We estimated that Madagascar has lost 44% of its natural forest cover over the period 1953-2014 (including 37% over the period 1973-2014). Natural forests cover 8.9 Mha in 2014 (15% of the national territory) which are divided into 4.4 Mha (50%) of moist forests, 2.6 Mha (29%) of dry forests, 1.7 Mha of spiny forests (19%) and 177,000 ha (2%) of mangroves. Since 2005, the annual deforestation rate has progressively increased in Madagascar to reach 99,000 ha/yr during 2010- 2014 (corresponding to a rate of 1.08%/yr). This increase is probably due to rapid population growth (close to 3%/yr) and to poor law enforcement in the country. Around half of the forest (46%) is now located at less than 100m from the forest edge.Policy implications: Accurate forest-cover change maps can be used to assess the effectiveness of past and current conservation programs and implement new strategies for the future. In particular, forest maps and estimates can be used in the framework of the REDD+ (“Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation”) initiative and for optimizing the current protected area network.