TY - JOUR T1 - Dynamic expression of tRNA-derived small RNAs define cellular states JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/158501 SP - 158501 AU - Daniel GR Yim AU - Srikar Krishna AU - Vairavan Lakshmanan AU - Judice LY Koh AU - Jung Eun Park AU - Jit Kong Cheong AU - Joo Leng Low AU - Michelle JS Lim AU - IP Junyu AU - Jie Min Nah AU - Iain BH Tan AU - N Gopalakrishna Iyer AU - Huili Guo AU - Siu Kwan Sze AU - Srikala Raghavan AU - Dasaradhi Palakodeti AU - Ramanuj Dasgupta Y1 - 2017/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/07/01/158501.abstract N2 - Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) have recently emerged as important regulators of protein translation and shown to have diverse biological functions. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of tsRNA function in the context of dynamic cell-state transitions remain unclear. Here we report the identification of a set of tsRNAs upregulated in differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Mechanistic analyses revealed primary functions of tsRNAs in regulating polysome assembly and translation. Notably, interactome studies with differentially-enriched tsRNAs revealed a switch in associations with ‘effector’ RNPs and ‘target’ mRNAs in different cell-states. We also demonstrate that a specific pool of tsRNAs can interact with Igf2bp1, an RNA-binding protein, to influence the expression of the pluripotency-promoting factor-c-Myc, thereby providing evidence for tsRNAs in modulating stem cell-states in mESCs. Finally, tsRNA expression analyses in distinct, heterologous cell and tissue models of stem/transformed versus differentiated/normal states reveal that tsRNA-mediated regulation of protein translation may represent a global biological phenomenon associated with cell-state transitions.One Sentence Summary Identification and functional characterization of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in cell state switches. ER -