PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Jean de Gunzburg AU - Amine Ghozlane AU - Annie Ducher AU - Emmanuelle Le Chatelier AU - Xavier Duval AU - Etienne Ruppé AU - Laurence Armand-Lefevre AU - Frédérique Sablier-Gallis AU - Charles Burdet AU - Loubna Alavoine AU - Elisabeth Chachaty AU - Violaine Augustin AU - Marina Varastet AU - Florence Levenez AU - Sean Kennedy AU - Nicolas Pons AU - France Mentré AU - Antoine Andremont TI - Protection of the human gut microbiome from antibiotics AID - 10.1101/169813 DP - 2017 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 169813 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/08/04/169813.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/08/04/169813.full AB - Background Antibiotics are life-saving drugs but severely affect the gut microbiome with short term consequences including diarrhoea, Clostridium difficile infections and selection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Long-term links to allergy and obesity are also suggested. We devised a product, DAV132, and previously showed its ability to deliver a powerful adsorbent, activated charcoal, in the late ileum of human volunteers.Methods We performed a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02176005) in 28 human volunteers treated with a 5-day clinical regimen of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic moxifloxacin in two parallel groups, with or without DAV132 co-administration. Two control goups of 8 volunteers each receiving DAV132 alone, or a non-active substitute, were added.Results The co-administration of DAV132 decreased free moxifloxacin fecal concentrations by 99%, while plasmatic levels were unaffected. Shotgun quantitative metagenomics showed that the richness and composition of the intestinal microbiota were largely preserved in subjects co-treated with DAV132 in addition to moxifloxacin. No adverse effect was observed. In addition, DAV132 efficiently adsorbed a wide range of clinically relevant antibiotics ex-vivo.Conclusions DAV132 was highly effective to protect the gut microbiome of moxifloxacin - treated healthy volunteers and may constitute a clinical breakthrough by preventing adverse health consequences of a wide range of antibiotic treatments.