This article summarizes the proceedings of a symposium held at the conference on “Alcoholism
and Stress: A Framework for Future Treatment Strategies” in Volterra, Italy, May 6–9, …

… Tubing is inserted into the vein following a needle puncture (22 G) and secured with a suture.
The guide cannula is punctured through a small incision on the back. The outer part of the …

The amygdala processes positive and negative valence and contributes to addiction, but the
cell-type-specific gene regulatory programs involved are unknown. We generated an atlas …

… f, g Optogenetic inhibition of CeA CRF neurons did not alter the (f) total distance traveled (t
8 … g–j Representative pictures of the different experimental conditions that are depicted in e. …

… in adolescent rats weighing 200–220 g. Coordinates for the BNST were AP +0.00, ML ±3.5,
DV −6.8 with a 16 angle in adolescent rats weighing 200–220 g. After injection, we waited 10 …

Abstinence from alcohol is associated with the recruitment of neurons in the central nucleus
of the amygdala (CeA) in nondependent rats that binge drink alcohol and in alcohol-…

Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is the primary mediator of stress responses, and
nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) plays an important role in the modulation of these stress responses…

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a critical component of innate immune signaling and has been
implicated in alcohol responses in preclinical and clinical models. Members of the …

… Giordano de Guglielmo … At 24 hours, water consumption was between 1.3 and 3 g/kg
in the vehicle-treated groups and was not affected by drug treatments (data not shown). …

… Adult male Wistar rats (Charles River), weighing 225–275 g at the beginning of the
experiments, were housed in groups of two to three per cage in a temperature-controlled (22C) …