RNA silencing in plants is a natural defense system mechanism against invading nucleic acids
such as viruses. Geminiviruses, a family of plant viruses characterized by a circular, single…

… of Carrillo-Tripp et al. [33]. Note that the percent makeup described here is slightly different
than in Carrillo-Tripp … for less time than those described in Carrillo-Tripp et al, and were stored …

The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is commonly infected by multiple viruses. We developed an
experimental system for the study of such mixed viral infections in newly emerged honey …

… Honeybees were treated with a virus inoculum identical to that thoroughly described in
Carrillo-Tripp et al. [43] and electronic supplementary material. Because no virus-free cell culture …

… cell virus (BQCV), Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), deformed wing virus (DWV), and
sacbrood virus (SBV) was determined using the protocol and primers described in Carrillo-Tripp …

Pepper golden mosaic virus (PepGMV) is an important begomovirus infecting solanaceous
crops in Mexico and Central America. Under controlled conditions for growth and inoculation …

Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV)(Al Rwahnih et al. 2013) is a member of the recently
recognized genus Grablovirus in the family Geminiviridae (Varsani et al. 2017). GRBV is the …

Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) can be used to study the function of a gene by
downregulating its expression and analyzing the resulting phenotype. VIGS is a handy tool that is …

Background Parts of Europe and the United States have witnessed dramatic losses in
commercially managed honey bees over the past decade to what is considered an unsustainable …

The cell line IPLB-LD-652Y, derived from the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.), is routinely
used to study interactions between viruses and insect hosts. Here we report the full genome …