The discovery of millions of PIWI-interacting RNAs revealed a fascinating and unanticipated
dimension of biology. The PIWI–piRNA pathway has been commonly perceived as germline-…

Key message Field methods for rapid determination of wood density in trees have evolved
from increment borer, torsiometer, Pilodyn, and nail withdrawal into sophisticated electronic …

Numerous organizations have conducted research to develop nondestructive testing (NDT)
techniques for assessing the condition of wood members in structures. A review of this …

Nature's engineering of wood through genetics, wind, and weather creates a wide variability
in wood as a material. Consequently, manufacture and users of wood products are …

by ROBERT ROSS and GERARD J. TELKAMP I In a sense, cities were superfluous to the
purposes of colonists. The Europeans who founded empires outside their own continent were …

Acoustic wave velocities in standing trees of five softwood species were measured by the
time-of-flight (TOF) method. Tree velocities were compared with acoustic velocities measured …

Background/Aims: Senescent Ccl2 –/– mice develop cardinal features of human age-related
macular degeneration (AMD). Loss-of-function single-nucleotide polymorphisms within …

This guide was prepared to assist field foresters in the use of stress wave timing instruments
to locate and define areas of decay in standing timber. The first three sections provide …