Host-mediated lung inflammation is present 1 , and drives mortality 2 , in the critical illness
caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Host genetic variants associated with …

Background Microbiological characterisation of co-infections and secondary infections in
patients with COVID-19 is lacking, and antimicrobial use is high. We aimed to describe …

… is extensively programmed by this first IAV exposure, such that the susceptibility of whole
populations of adults can be predicted using the patterns of circulating IAV in each patient’s …

… qPCR cycles were performed as follows: hot-start denaturation cycle 95 C for 10 min, 40
cycles of amplification of 95 C for 15 s, 60 C for 20 s and 72 C for 1 min. ΔCt (Ct of …

… All cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented
… HT1080 cells were a kind gift of S. Neil and were modified to overexpress human ACE2 and …

Background COVID-19 is a multisystem disease and patients who survive might have in-hospital
complications. These complications are likely to have important short-term and long-…

Background Prognostic models to predict the risk of clinical deterioration in acute COVID-19
cases are urgently required to inform clinical management decisions. Methods We …

Background Studies of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 have found varying
mortality outcomes associated with underlying respiratory conditions and inhaled corticosteroid …

… -S IgA responses were demonstrated, which remained elevated for nine months (p < 0.0001).
Nasal and plasma anti-S … in nasal and plasma IgA and IgG anti-S titres for all SARS-CoV-2 …

Background Early in the pandemic it was suggested that pre-existing use of non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) could lead to increased disease severity in patients with …