Miniaturization of the classical test tube to picoliter dimensions is possible in monodisperse
water-in-oil droplets that are generated in microfluidic devices. The establishment of …

Unculturable bacterial communities provide a rich source of biocatalysts, but their experimental
discovery by functional metagenomics is difficult, because the odds are stacked against …

… b, Resistant strains with sensitivity to bile acid have significantly more LPS-related synthesis
genes being transcriptionally upregulated than those showing wild-type bile acid sensitivity (…

… (b) Computational prediction and experimental assessment of the potential of underground
metabolism of E. coli to adapt to new nutrient conditions. First, metabolic modelling predicted …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising antimicrobials, however, the potential of bacterial
resistance is a major concern. Here we systematically study the evolution of resistance to …

We demonstrate the utility of a microfluidic platform in which water-in-oil droplet compartments
serve to miniaturize cell lysate assays by a million-fold for directed enzyme evolution. …

… droplet displayed in A corresponds to the highly fluorescent population displayed in B. …
(B) Overlay of normalized relative fluorescence versus time data obtained from FACS analysis (…

… (B and C) Distribution of the fraction of shared metabolic subsystem (B) and average network
distance (C) in 10,000 samples of randomly assigned underground–native reaction pairs. …

Antibiotic development is frequently plagued by the rapid emergence of drug resistance.
However, assessing the risk of resistance development in the preclinical stage is difficult. …

… Indeed, a resistance gene (mcr-1) against polymyxin B is rapidly spreading horizontally
worldwide, representing an alarming global healthcare issue 22 . In contrast to polymyxin B, we …