Debate on the validity and reliability of scientific methods often arises in the courtroom. When
the government (ie, the prosecution) is the proponent of evidence, the defense is obliged to …

… Allard attended the University of Vermont and received a BA in Biology in 1983. He then …
Allard joined the Division of Microbiology in the FDA's Office of Regulatory Science in 2008 …

Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) combined with powerful bioinformatic approaches are
revolutionising food microbiology. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of single isolates …

The ongoing generation of prodigious amounts of genomic sequence data from myriad
vertebrates is providing unparalleled opportunities for establishing definitive phylogenetic …

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome constitutes a spectrum of severe congenital cardiovascular
anomalies dominated by underdevelopment or absence of the left ventricle, aortic valve, and …

The gray wolf is a large, highly mobile predator whose original geographic range included
most of the Northern Hemisphere. High rates of genetic exchange probably characterized …

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the control region were obtained for the Costa Rica
and Florida colonies of the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) to test the hypothesis that gravid …

For Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, 85% of isolates can be classified into 5 pulsed-field
gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types. However, PFGE has limited discriminatory power for …

The complexity of the modern food supply makes identifying foodborne outbreaks difficult. In
this report, FDA investigators identify a 44-state outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype …

Highlights • Genetic data makes comparisons transparent, for broad sharing across the
disciplines. • US FDA in combination with the NCBI developed the first distributed WGS network. • …