The chromatin remodeling gene CHD8 represents a central node in neurodevelopmental
gene networks implicated in autism. We examined the impact of germline heterozygous …

Immunohistochemical and ex vivo anatomical studies have provided many glimpses of the
variety, distribution, and signaling components of vertebrate retinal neurons. The beauty of …

In utero exposure to maternal immune activation (MIA) is an environmental risk factor for
neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Animal models provide an opportunity to …

Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements that play critical regulatory roles in modulating
developmental transcription programs and driving cell-type-specific and context-dependent gene …

Dopamine can regulate signal generation and transmission by activating multiple receptors
and signaling cascades, especially in striatum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. …

The processes that define mammalian physiology evolved millions of years ago in response
to ancient signaling molecules, most of which were acquired by ingestion and digestion. In …

The spike output of neural pathways can be regulated by modulating output neuron excitability
and/or their synaptic inputs. Dopaminergic interneurons synapse onto cells that route …

The current‐passing pore of mammalian hyperpolarization‐activated, cyclic nucleotide‐gated
(HCN) channels is formed by subunit isoforms denoted HCN1–4. In various brain areas, …

Protocols for characterizing cellular phenotypes commonly use chemical fixatives to preserve
anatomical features, mechanically stabilize tissue, and stop physiological responses. …

Purpose.: The membrane expression and gene promoter of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol
(GPI)-anchored protein Thy1 have been widely used to examine the morphology and …