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Pathways to social evolution: reciprocity, relatedness, and synergy

View ORCID ProfileJeremy Van Cleve, Erol Akçay
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/000521
Jeremy Van Cleve
1National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent), 2024 W. Main Street Suite A200, Durham, NC 27705 USA, e-mail:
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  • For correspondence: vancleve@nescent.org
Erol Akçay
2Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 433 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia PA, 19104 USA, e-mail:
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  • For correspondence: eakcay@sas.upenn.edu
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Abstract

Many organisms live in populations structured by space and by class, exhibit plastic responses to their social partners, and are subject to non-additive ecological and fitness effects. Social evolution theory has long recognized that all of these factors can lead to different selection pressures but has only recently attempted to synthesize how these factors interact. Using models for both discrete and continuous phenotypes, we show that analyzing these factors in a consistent framework reveals that they interact with one another in ways previously overlooked. Specifically, behavioral responses (reciprocity), genetic relatedness, and synergy interact in non-trivial ways that cannot be easily captured by simple summary indices of assortment. We demonstrate the importance of these interactions by showing how they have been neglected in previous synthetic models of social behavior both within and between species. These interactions also affect the level of behavioral responses that can evolve in the long run; proximate biological mechanisms are evolutionarily stable when they generate enough responsiveness relative to the level of responsiveness that exactly balances the ecological costs and benefits. Given the richness of social behavior across taxa, these interactions should be a boon for empirical research as they are likely crucial for describing the complex relationship linking ecology, demography, and social behavior.

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Posted April 17, 2014.
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Pathways to social evolution: reciprocity, relatedness, and synergy
Jeremy Van Cleve, Erol Akçay
bioRxiv 000521; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/000521
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Pathways to social evolution: reciprocity, relatedness, and synergy
Jeremy Van Cleve, Erol Akçay
bioRxiv 000521; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/000521

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