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Predictability of Autism, Schizophrenic and Obsessive Spectra Diagnosis: Toward a Damage Network Approach

Franco Cauda, Tommaso Costa, Luciamo Fava, Sara Palermo, Francesca Bianco, Sergio Duca, Giuliano Geminiani, Karina Tatu, Roberto Keller
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/014563
Franco Cauda
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
†DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Tommaso Costa
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
†DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Luciamo Fava
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
¥DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PIEDMONT, ITALY
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Sara Palermo
θDEPARTMENT OF NEUROSCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Francesca Bianco
°ADULT AUTISM CENTER, ASL TO2, TURIN, ITALY
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Sergio Duca
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Giuliano Geminiani
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
†DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Karina Tatu
*GCS-fMRI, KOELLIKER HOSPITAL AND DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
†DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, TURIN, ITALY
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Roberto Keller
°ADULT AUTISM CENTER, ASL TO2, TURIN, ITALY
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ABSTRACT

Schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive and autistic disorders are traditionally considered as three separate psychiatric conditions each with specific symptoms and pattern of brain alterations. This view can be challenged since these three conditions have the same neurobiological origin, stemming from a common root of a unique neurodevelopmental tree.

The aim of this meta-analytic study was to determine, from a neuroimaging perspective, whether i) white matter and gray matter alterations are specific for the three different spectrum disorders, and the nosographical differentiation of three spectra is supported by different patterns of brain alterations. ii) it might be possible to define new spectra starting from specific brain damage. iii) it is possible to detect a “brain damage network” (a connecting link between the damaged areas that relates areas constantly involved in the disorder).

Three main findings emerged from our meta-analysis:

  1. The three psychiatric spectra do not appear to have their own specific damage.

  2. It is possible to define two new damage clusters. The first includes substantial parts of the salience network, and the second is more closely linked to the auditory-visual, auditory and visual somatic areas.

  3. It is possible to define a "Damage Network" and to infer a hierarchy of brain substrates in the pattern of propagation of the damage.

These results suggest the presence of a common pattern of damage in the three pathologies plus a series of variable alterations that, rather than support the sub-division into three spectra, highlight a two-cluster parcellation with an input-output and more cognitive clusters.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted January 29, 2015.
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Predictability of Autism, Schizophrenic and Obsessive Spectra Diagnosis: Toward a Damage Network Approach
Franco Cauda, Tommaso Costa, Luciamo Fava, Sara Palermo, Francesca Bianco, Sergio Duca, Giuliano Geminiani, Karina Tatu, Roberto Keller
bioRxiv 014563; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/014563
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Predictability of Autism, Schizophrenic and Obsessive Spectra Diagnosis: Toward a Damage Network Approach
Franco Cauda, Tommaso Costa, Luciamo Fava, Sara Palermo, Francesca Bianco, Sergio Duca, Giuliano Geminiani, Karina Tatu, Roberto Keller
bioRxiv 014563; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/014563

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