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Transcriptome Differences between Alternative Sex Determining Genotypes in the House Fly, Musca domestica

View ORCID ProfileRichard P. Meisel, View ORCID ProfileJeffrey G. Scott, View ORCID ProfileAndrew G. Clark
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/016774
Richard P. Meisel
1Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston
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  • For correspondence: rpmeisel@uh.edu
Jeffrey G. Scott
2Department of Entomology, Cornell University
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Andrew G. Clark
3Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University
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Abstract

Sex determination evolves rapidly, often because of turnover of the genes at the top of the pathway. The house fly, Musca domestica, has a multifactorial sex determination system, allowing us to identify the selective forces responsible for the evolutionary turnover of sex determination in action. There is a male determining factor, M, on the Y chromosome (YM), which is probably the ancestral state. An M factor on the third chromosome (IIIM) has reached high frequencies in multiple populations across the world, but the evolutionary forces responsible for the invasion of IIIM are not resolved. To test if the IIIM chromosome invaded because of sex-specific selection pressures, we used mRNA sequencing to determine if isogenic males that differ only in the presence of the YM or IIIM chromosome have different gene expression profiles. We find that more genes are differentially expressed between YM and IIIM males in testis than head, and that genes with male-biased expression are most likely to be differentially expressed between YM and IIIM males. This suggests that male phenotypes, especially those related to male fertility, are more likely to be affected by the male-determining chromosome, supporting the hypothesis that sex-specific selection acts on alleles linked to the male-determining locus driving evolutionary turnover in the sex determination pathway. We additionally find that IIIM males have a “masculinized” gene expression profile, suggesting that the IIIM chromosome has accumulated an excess of male-beneficial alleles because of its male-limited transmission.

Footnotes

  • Data deposition: All data have been deposited in the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus under accession GSE67065.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted March 20, 2015.
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Transcriptome Differences between Alternative Sex Determining Genotypes in the House Fly, Musca domestica
Richard P. Meisel, Jeffrey G. Scott, Andrew G. Clark
bioRxiv 016774; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/016774
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Transcriptome Differences between Alternative Sex Determining Genotypes in the House Fly, Musca domestica
Richard P. Meisel, Jeffrey G. Scott, Andrew G. Clark
bioRxiv 016774; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/016774

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