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First-step Mutations during Adaptation to Thermal Stress Shift the Expression of Thousands of Genes Back toward the Pre-stressed State

Alejandra Rodríguez-Verdugo, Olivier Tenaillon, Brandon S. Gaut
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/022905
Alejandra Rodríguez-Verdugo
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States
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Olivier Tenaillon
2INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018 Paris, France
3Université Paris Diderot, IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75018 Paris, France
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Brandon S. Gaut
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, United States
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  • For correspondence: bgaut@uci.edu
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Abstract

The temporal change of phenotypes during the adaptive process remain largely unexplored, as do the genetic changes that affect these phenotypic changes. Here we focused on three mutations that rose to high frequency in the early stages of adaptation within 12 Escherichia coli populations subjected to thermal stress (42°C). All of the mutations were in the rpoB gene, which encodes the RNA polymerase beta subunit. For each mutation, we measured the growth curves and gene expression (mRNAseq) of clones at 42°C. We also compared growth and gene expression to their ancestor under unstressed (37°C) and stressed conditions (42°C). Each of the three mutations changed the expression of hundreds of genes and conferred large fitness advantages, apparently through the restoration of global gene expression from the stressed towards the pre-stressed state. Finally, we compared the phenotypic characteristics of one mutant, I572L, to two high-temperature adapted clones that have this mutation plus additional background mutations. The background mutations increased fitness, but they did not substantially change gene expression. We conclude that early mutations in a global transcriptional regulator cause extensive changes in gene expression, many of which are likely under positive selection for their effect in restoring the pre-stress physiology.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 21, 2015.
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First-step Mutations during Adaptation to Thermal Stress Shift the Expression of Thousands of Genes Back toward the Pre-stressed State
Alejandra Rodríguez-Verdugo, Olivier Tenaillon, Brandon S. Gaut
bioRxiv 022905; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/022905
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First-step Mutations during Adaptation to Thermal Stress Shift the Expression of Thousands of Genes Back toward the Pre-stressed State
Alejandra Rodríguez-Verdugo, Olivier Tenaillon, Brandon S. Gaut
bioRxiv 022905; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/022905

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