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Speciation driven by hybridization and chromosomal plasticity in a wild yeast

Jean-Baptiste Leducq, Lou Nielly-Thibault, Guillaume Charron, Chris Eberlein, Jukka-Pekka Verta, Pedram Samani, Kayla Sylvester, Chris Todd Hittinger, Graham Bell, Christian R Landry
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/027383
Jean-Baptiste Leducq
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
2Current affiliation: Département des Sciences Biologiques, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, 90 rue Vincent d’Indy – Université de Montréal – Montréal (QC) H2V 2S9, Canada
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  • For correspondence: jeanbaptiste.leducq@gmail.com Christian.Landry@bio.ulaval.ca
Lou Nielly-Thibault
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
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Guillaume Charron
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
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Chris Eberlein
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
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Jukka-Pekka Verta
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
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Pedram Samani
3Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
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Kayla Sylvester
4Laboratory of Genetics, Genome Center of Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Chris Todd Hittinger
4Laboratory of Genetics, Genome Center of Wisconsin, DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, J. F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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Graham Bell
3Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
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Christian R Landry
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Département de Biologie, PROTEO, Pavillon Charles-Eugène-Marchand, 1030 avenue de la Médecine-Université Laval - Québec (QC) G1V 0A6, Canada
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  • For correspondence: jeanbaptiste.leducq@gmail.com Christian.Landry@bio.ulaval.ca
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Abstract

Hybridization is recognized as a powerful mechanism of speciation and a driving force in generating biodiversity. However, only few multicellular species, limited to a handful of plants and animals, have been shown to fulfill all the criteria of homoploid hybrid speciation. This lack of evidence could lead to the misconception that speciation by hybridization has a limited role in eukaryotes, particularly in single-celled organisms. Laboratory experiments have revealed that fungi such as budding yeasts can rapidly develop reproductive isolation and novel phenotypes through hybridization, showing that in principle homoploid speciation could occur in nature. Here we report a case of homoploid hybrid speciation in natural populations of the budding yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus inhabiting the North American forests. We show that the rapid evolution of chromosome architecture and an ecological context that led to secondary contact between nascent species drove the formation of an incipient hybrid species with a potentially unique ecological niche.

One Sentence Summary Chromosomal rearrangements and hybridization between two yeast lineages drive hybrid speciation after secondary contact.

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Posted September 22, 2015.
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Speciation driven by hybridization and chromosomal plasticity in a wild yeast
Jean-Baptiste Leducq, Lou Nielly-Thibault, Guillaume Charron, Chris Eberlein, Jukka-Pekka Verta, Pedram Samani, Kayla Sylvester, Chris Todd Hittinger, Graham Bell, Christian R Landry
bioRxiv 027383; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/027383
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Speciation driven by hybridization and chromosomal plasticity in a wild yeast
Jean-Baptiste Leducq, Lou Nielly-Thibault, Guillaume Charron, Chris Eberlein, Jukka-Pekka Verta, Pedram Samani, Kayla Sylvester, Chris Todd Hittinger, Graham Bell, Christian R Landry
bioRxiv 027383; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/027383

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