New Results
Meta-analysis of 375,000 individuals identifies 38 susceptibility loci for migraine
Padhraig Gormley, Verneri Anttila, Bendik S Winsvold, Priit Palta, Tonu Esko, Tune H. Pers, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Mikko Muona, Nicholas A Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Andres Ingason, George McMahon, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Tobias M Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott G Gordon, Anine H Stam, Stacy Steinberg, Guntram Borck, Markku Koiranen, Lydia Quaye, Hieab HH Adams, Terho Lehtimäki, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Juho Wedenoja, David A Hinds, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Paul M Ridker, Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, Hreinn Stefansson, Susan M Ring, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Brenda WJH Penninx, Markus Färkkilä, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Rainer Malik, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Andrea E Byrnes, Lude Franke, Jie Huang, Evie Stergiakouli, Phil H Lee, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Zameel Cader, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Thomas Meitinger, Johan G Eriksson, Veikko Salomaa, Kauko Heikkilä, Elizabeth Loehrer, Andre G Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Cornelia M van Duijn, Lynn Cherkas, Linda M. Pedersen, Audun Stubhaug, Christopher S Nielsen, Minna Männikkö, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Hartmut Göbel, Ann-Louise Esserlind, Anne Francke Christensen, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Arpo J Aromaa, Olli Raitakari, M Arfan Ikram, Tim Spector, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Andres Metspalu, Christian Kubisch, David P Strachan, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Martin Dichgans, Maija Wessman, Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg, John-Anker Zwart, Dorret I Boomsma, George Davey Smith, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas Eriksson, Mark J Daly, Benjamin M Neale, Jes Olesen, Daniel I. Chasman, Dale R Nyholt, Aarno Palotie, on behalf of the International Headache Genetics Consortium
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/030288
Padhraig Gormley
1Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
4Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Verneri Anttila
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Bendik S Winsvold
6FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
7Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
8Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Priit Palta
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Tonu Esko
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
10Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
11Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA.
Tune H. Pers
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
11Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA.
78Statens Serum Institut, Dept of Epidemiology Research, Copenhagen, Denmark.
79Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Kai-How Farh
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
12Illumina, 5200 Illumina Way, San Diego, USA.
Ester Cuenca-Leon
1Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
13Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, Pediatric Neurology, Barcelona, Spain.
Mikko Muona
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
14Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland, FI-00290.
15Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, FI-00014.
16Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, FI-00014.
Nicholas A Furlotte
1723andMe, Inc., 899 W. Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Tobias Kurth
18Inserm Research Center for Epidemiology and Biostatistics (U897), University of Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
19Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02215.
Andres Ingason
20deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
George McMahon
21Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Lannie Ligthart
22VU University Amsterdam, Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1081 BT.
Gisela M Terwindt
23Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC.
Mikko Kallela
24Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Tobias M Freilinger
25Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universtität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich Germany.
38Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute for Clincal Brain Research, University of Tuebingen.
Caroline Ran
26Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Scott G Gordon
27Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Anine H Stam
23Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC.
Stacy Steinberg
20deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
Guntram Borck
28Ulm University, Institute of Human Genetics, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Markku Koiranen
29University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu.
Lydia Quaye
30Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK.
Hieab HH Adams
31Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
81Dept of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
Terho Lehtimäki
60Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and School of Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland, 33520.
Antti-Pekka Sarin
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Juho Wedenoja
74Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
David A Hinds
1723andMe, Inc., 899 W. Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Julie E Buring
19Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02215.
33Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115.
Markus Schürks
35University Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany.
Paul M Ridker
19Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02215.
33Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115.
Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir
36Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
Hreinn Stefansson
20deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
Susan M Ring
21Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jouke-Jan Hottenga
22VU University Amsterdam, Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1081 BT.
Brenda WJH Penninx
37VU University Medical Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1081 HL.
Markus Färkkilä
24Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Ville Artto
24Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Mari Kaunisto
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Salli Vepsäläinen
24Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
Rainer Malik
25Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universtität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich Germany.
Andrew C Heath
39Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid, CB 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Pamela A F Madden
39Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid, CB 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Nicholas G Martin
27Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Grant W Montgomery
27Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
Eija Hämäläinen
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Hailiang Huang
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Andrea E Byrnes
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Lude Franke
40University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, 9700RB.
Jie Huang
4Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
Evie Stergiakouli
21Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Phil H Lee
1Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
Cynthia Sandor
41MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford University, UK.
Caleb Webber
41MRC Functional Genomics Unit, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, Oxford University, UK.
Zameel Cader
42Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK.
43Oxford Headache Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Bertram Muller-Myhsok
44Max-Planck-Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
Stefan Schreiber
45Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany.
Thomas Meitinger
46Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.
Johan G Eriksson
47Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki Finland.
48National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Veikko Salomaa
48National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Kauko Heikkilä
32Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Elizabeth Loehrer
31Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
73Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA 02115.
Andre G Uitterlinden
50Dept of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
Albert Hofman
31Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
Cornelia M van Duijn
31Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
Lynn Cherkas
30Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK.
Linda M. Pedersen
6FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Audun Stubhaug
51Dept of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
52Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Christopher S Nielsen
51Dept of Pain Management and Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
53Division of Mental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, Oslo, Norway, NO-0403.
Minna Männikkö
29University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu.
Evelin Mihailov
10Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Lili Milani
10Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Hartmut Göbel
55Kiel Pain and Headache Center, 24149 Kiel, Germany.
Ann-Louise Esserlind
56Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Anne Francke Christensen
56Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Thomas Folkmann Hansen
57Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Center Sct. Hans, University of Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
Thomas Werge
75Institute Of Biological Psychiatry, MHC Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
76Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
77iPSYCH - The Lundbeck Foundation’s Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jaakko Kaprio
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
58Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
59Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Arpo J Aromaa
48National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Olli Raitakari
61Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku and the Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland, 20521.
M Arfan Ikram
31Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
62Dept of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
81Dept of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 3015 CN.
Tim Spector
30Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King’s College London, London, UK.
Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
63Imperial College London, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE) Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, UK, W2 1PG.
64University of Oulu, Biocenter Oulu, Finland, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu.
29University of Oulu, Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine, Oulu, Finland, Box 5000, Fin-90014 University of Oulu.
66Oulu University Hospital, Unit of Primary Care, Oulu, Finland, Box 10, Fin-90029 OYS.
Andres Metspalu
10Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Christian Kubisch
67University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Institute of Human Genetics, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
David P Strachan
68Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Michel D Ferrari
23Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC.
Andrea C Belin
26Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neuroscience, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Martin Dichgans
25Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universtität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 17, 81377 Munich Germany.
69Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
Maija Wessman
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
14Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland, FI-00290.
Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg
23Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Neurology, Leiden, The Netherlands, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC.
80Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Human Genetics, Leiden, The Netherlands, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC.
John-Anker Zwart
6FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
7Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
8Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, P.O. 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway.
Dorret I Boomsma
22VU University Amsterdam, Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1081 BT.
George Davey Smith
21Medical Research Council (MRC) Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Kari Stefansson
20deCODE Genetics, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
70Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
Nicholas Eriksson
1723andMe, Inc., 899 W. Evelyn Avenue, Mountain View, CA, USA.
Mark J Daly
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Benjamin M Neale
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
Jes Olesen
56Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Daniel I. Chasman
19Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston MA 02215.
33Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115.
Dale R Nyholt
71Statistical and Genomic Epidemiology Laboratory, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Ave, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia.
Aarno Palotie
1Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
2Medical and Population Genetics Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
3Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA.
4Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.
5Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
9Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
72Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA,
Abstract
Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting around 1 in 7 people worldwide, but its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Some debate exists over whether migraine is a disease of vascular dysfunction, or a result of neuronal dysfunction with secondary vascular changes. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have thus far identified 13 independent loci associated with migraine. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed the largest genetic study of migraine to date, comprising 59,674 cases and 316,078 controls from 22 GWA studies. We identified 45 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with migraine risk (P < 5 × 10−8) that map to 38 distinct genomic loci, including 28 loci not previously reported and the first locus identified on chromosome X. Furthermore, a subset analysis for migraine without aura (MO) identified seven of the same loci as from the full sample, whereas no loci reached genome-wide significance in the migraine with aura (MA) subset. In subsequent computational analyzes, the identified loci showed enrichment for genes expressed in vascular and smooth muscle tissues, consistent with a predominant theory of migraine that highlights vascular etiologies.
Copyright
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
Posted November 03, 2015.
Meta-analysis of 375,000 individuals identifies 38 susceptibility loci for migraine
Padhraig Gormley, Verneri Anttila, Bendik S Winsvold, Priit Palta, Tonu Esko, Tune H. Pers, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Mikko Muona, Nicholas A Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Andres Ingason, George McMahon, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Tobias M Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott G Gordon, Anine H Stam, Stacy Steinberg, Guntram Borck, Markku Koiranen, Lydia Quaye, Hieab HH Adams, Terho Lehtimäki, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Juho Wedenoja, David A Hinds, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Paul M Ridker, Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, Hreinn Stefansson, Susan M Ring, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Brenda WJH Penninx, Markus Färkkilä, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Rainer Malik, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Andrea E Byrnes, Lude Franke, Jie Huang, Evie Stergiakouli, Phil H Lee, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Zameel Cader, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Thomas Meitinger, Johan G Eriksson, Veikko Salomaa, Kauko Heikkilä, Elizabeth Loehrer, Andre G Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Cornelia M van Duijn, Lynn Cherkas, Linda M. Pedersen, Audun Stubhaug, Christopher S Nielsen, Minna Männikkö, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Hartmut Göbel, Ann-Louise Esserlind, Anne Francke Christensen, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Arpo J Aromaa, Olli Raitakari, M Arfan Ikram, Tim Spector, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Andres Metspalu, Christian Kubisch, David P Strachan, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Martin Dichgans, Maija Wessman, Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg, John-Anker Zwart, Dorret I Boomsma, George Davey Smith, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas Eriksson, Mark J Daly, Benjamin M Neale, Jes Olesen, Daniel I. Chasman, Dale R Nyholt, Aarno Palotie, on behalf of the International Headache Genetics Consortium
bioRxiv 030288; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/030288
Meta-analysis of 375,000 individuals identifies 38 susceptibility loci for migraine
Padhraig Gormley, Verneri Anttila, Bendik S Winsvold, Priit Palta, Tonu Esko, Tune H. Pers, Kai-How Farh, Ester Cuenca-Leon, Mikko Muona, Nicholas A Furlotte, Tobias Kurth, Andres Ingason, George McMahon, Lannie Ligthart, Gisela M Terwindt, Mikko Kallela, Tobias M Freilinger, Caroline Ran, Scott G Gordon, Anine H Stam, Stacy Steinberg, Guntram Borck, Markku Koiranen, Lydia Quaye, Hieab HH Adams, Terho Lehtimäki, Antti-Pekka Sarin, Juho Wedenoja, David A Hinds, Julie E Buring, Markus Schürks, Paul M Ridker, Maria Gudlaug Hrafnsdottir, Hreinn Stefansson, Susan M Ring, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Brenda WJH Penninx, Markus Färkkilä, Ville Artto, Mari Kaunisto, Salli Vepsäläinen, Rainer Malik, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Nicholas G Martin, Grant W Montgomery, Eija Hämäläinen, Hailiang Huang, Andrea E Byrnes, Lude Franke, Jie Huang, Evie Stergiakouli, Phil H Lee, Cynthia Sandor, Caleb Webber, Zameel Cader, Bertram Muller-Myhsok, Stefan Schreiber, Thomas Meitinger, Johan G Eriksson, Veikko Salomaa, Kauko Heikkilä, Elizabeth Loehrer, Andre G Uitterlinden, Albert Hofman, Cornelia M van Duijn, Lynn Cherkas, Linda M. Pedersen, Audun Stubhaug, Christopher S Nielsen, Minna Männikkö, Evelin Mihailov, Lili Milani, Hartmut Göbel, Ann-Louise Esserlind, Anne Francke Christensen, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Thomas Werge, Jaakko Kaprio, Arpo J Aromaa, Olli Raitakari, M Arfan Ikram, Tim Spector, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Andres Metspalu, Christian Kubisch, David P Strachan, Michel D Ferrari, Andrea C Belin, Martin Dichgans, Maija Wessman, Arn MJM van den Maagdenberg, John-Anker Zwart, Dorret I Boomsma, George Davey Smith, Kari Stefansson, Nicholas Eriksson, Mark J Daly, Benjamin M Neale, Jes Olesen, Daniel I. Chasman, Dale R Nyholt, Aarno Palotie, on behalf of the International Headache Genetics Consortium
bioRxiv 030288; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/030288
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