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Fitness effects of new mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii across two stress gradients

Susanne A. Kraemer, Andrew D. Morgan, Robert W. Ness, Peter D. Keightley, Nick Colegrave
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/033886
Susanne A. Kraemer
1University of Edinburgh Ashworth Laboratories King’s Buildings Charlotte Auerbach Road Edinburgh EH9 3FL Tel: +44(0) 131 650 1000 Fax: +44(0) 131 650 5455
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  • For correspondence: Susanne.kraemer@ed.ac.uk
Andrew D. Morgan
1University of Edinburgh Ashworth Laboratories King’s Buildings Charlotte Auerbach Road Edinburgh EH9 3FL Tel: +44(0) 131 650 1000 Fax: +44(0) 131 650 5455
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  • For correspondence: Susanne.kraemer@ed.ac.uk
Robert W. Ness
1University of Edinburgh Ashworth Laboratories King’s Buildings Charlotte Auerbach Road Edinburgh EH9 3FL Tel: +44(0) 131 650 1000 Fax: +44(0) 131 650 5455
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  • For correspondence: Susanne.kraemer@ed.ac.uk
Peter D. Keightley
1University of Edinburgh Ashworth Laboratories King’s Buildings Charlotte Auerbach Road Edinburgh EH9 3FL Tel: +44(0) 131 650 1000 Fax: +44(0) 131 650 5455
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  • For correspondence: Susanne.kraemer@ed.ac.uk
Nick Colegrave
1University of Edinburgh Ashworth Laboratories King’s Buildings Charlotte Auerbach Road Edinburgh EH9 3FL Tel: +44(0) 131 650 1000 Fax: +44(0) 131 650 5455
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  • For correspondence: Susanne.kraemer@ed.ac.uk
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Abstract

Most spontaneous mutations affecting fitness are likely to be deleterious, but the strength of selection acting on them might be impacted by environmental stress. Such stress-dependent selection could expose hidden genetic variation, which in turn might increase the adaptive potential of stressed populations. On the other hand, this variation might represent a genetic load and thus lead to population extinction under stress. Previous studies to determine the link between stress and mutational effects on fitness, however, have produced inconsistent results. Here, we determined the net change in fitness in 29 genotypes of the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that accumulated mutations in the near absence of selection for approximately 1,000 generations across two stress gradients, increasing NaCl and decreasing phosphate. We found mutational effects to be magnified under extremely stressful conditions, but such effects were specific both to the type of stress as well as to the genetic background. The detection of stress-dependent fitness effects of mutations depended on accurately scaling relative fitness measures by generation times, thus offering an explanation for the inconsistencies among previous studies.

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Posted December 07, 2015.
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Fitness effects of new mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii across two stress gradients
Susanne A. Kraemer, Andrew D. Morgan, Robert W. Ness, Peter D. Keightley, Nick Colegrave
bioRxiv 033886; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/033886
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Fitness effects of new mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii across two stress gradients
Susanne A. Kraemer, Andrew D. Morgan, Robert W. Ness, Peter D. Keightley, Nick Colegrave
bioRxiv 033886; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/033886

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