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Hybrid asexuality as a primary reproductive barrier: on the interconnection between asexuality and speciation

Karel Janko, View ORCID ProfileJan Pačes, View ORCID ProfileHilde Wilkinson-Herbots, Rui J Costa, Jan Roslein, View ORCID ProfilePavel Drozd, Nataliia Iakovenko, Jakub Rídl, Jan Kočí, Radka Reifová, Věra Šlechtová, Lukáš Choleva
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/038299
Karel Janko
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
2Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Department of Biology and Ecology, Chitussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Jan Pačes
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
3Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Hilde Wilkinson-Herbots
4University College London, Department of Statistical Science, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
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Rui J Costa
4University College London, Department of Statistical Science, WC1E 6BT, London, United Kingdom
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Jan Roslein
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
5Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Kvetna 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic
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Pavel Drozd
2Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Department of Biology and Ecology, Chitussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Nataliia Iakovenko
2Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Department of Biology and Ecology, Chitussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Jakub Rídl
3Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Vídeňská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Jan Kočí
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
2Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Department of Biology and Ecology, Chitussiho 10, 71000 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Radka Reifová
6Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Zoology, Vinicna 7, 12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic
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Věra Šlechtová
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
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Lukáš Choleva
1Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of fish genetics, Rumburska 89, 27721 Libechov, Czech Republic
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Abstract

Speciation usually proceeds in a continuum from intensively hybridizing populations until the formation of irreversibly isolated species. Restriction of interspecific gene flow may often be achieved by gradual accumulation of postzygotic incompatibilities with hybrid infertility typically evolving more rapidly than inviability. A reconstructed history of speciation in European loaches (Cobitis) reveals that accumulation of postzygotic reproductive incompatibilities may take an alternative, in the literature largely neglected, pathway through initiation of hybrids’ asexuality rather than through a decrease in hybrids’ fitness. Combined evidence show that contemporary Cobitis species readily hybridize in hybrid zones, but their gene pools are isolated as hybridization produces infertile males and fertile but clonally reproducing females that cannot mediate introgressions. Nevertheless, coalescent analyses indicated intensive historical gene flow during earlier stages of Cobitis diversification, suggesting that non-clonal hybrids must have existed in the past. Revealed patterns imply that during the initial stages of speciation, hybridization between little diverged species produced recombinant hybrids mediating gene flow, but growing divergence among species caused disrupted meiosis in hybrids resulting in their clonality, which acts as a barrier to gene flow.

Comparative analysis of published data on other fish hybrids corroborated the generality of our findings; the species pairs producing asexual hybrids were more genetically diverged than those pairs producing fertile sexual hybrids but less diverged than species pairs producing infertile hybrids. Hybrid asexuality therefore appears to evolve at lower divergence than other types of postzygotic barriers and might thus represent a primary reproductive barrier in many taxa.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted January 31, 2016.
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Hybrid asexuality as a primary reproductive barrier: on the interconnection between asexuality and speciation
Karel Janko, Jan Pačes, Hilde Wilkinson-Herbots, Rui J Costa, Jan Roslein, Pavel Drozd, Nataliia Iakovenko, Jakub Rídl, Jan Kočí, Radka Reifová, Věra Šlechtová, Lukáš Choleva
bioRxiv 038299; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/038299
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Hybrid asexuality as a primary reproductive barrier: on the interconnection between asexuality and speciation
Karel Janko, Jan Pačes, Hilde Wilkinson-Herbots, Rui J Costa, Jan Roslein, Pavel Drozd, Nataliia Iakovenko, Jakub Rídl, Jan Kočí, Radka Reifová, Věra Šlechtová, Lukáš Choleva
bioRxiv 038299; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/038299

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