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A Genealogical Look at Shared Ancestry on the X Chromosome

View ORCID ProfileVince Buffalo, View ORCID ProfileStephen M. Mount, View ORCID ProfileGraham Coop
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/046912
Vince Buffalo
*Department of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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  • For correspondence: vsbuffalo@ucdavis.edu
Stephen M. Mount
†Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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Graham Coop
*Department of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology University of California, Davis, CA 95616
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Abstract

Close relatives can share large segments of their genome identical by descent (IBD) that can be identified in genome-wide polymorphism datasets. There are a range of methods to use these IBD segments to identify relatives and estimate their relationship. These methods have focused on sharing on the autosomes, as they provide a rich source of information about genealogical relationships. We can hope to learn additional information about recent ancestry through shared IBD segments on the X chromosome, but currently lack the theoretical framework to use this information fully. Here, we fill this gap by developing probability distributions for the number and length of X chromosome segments shared IBD between an individual and an ancestor k generations back, as well as between half-and full-cousin relationships. Due to the inheritance pattern of the X and the fact that X homologous recombination only occurs in females (outside of the pseudo-autosomal regions), the number of females along a genealogical lineage is a key quantity for understanding the number and length of the IBD segments shared amongst relatives. When inferring relationships among individuals, the number of female ancestors along a genealogical lineage will often be unknown. Therefore, our IBD segment length and number distributions marginalize over this unknown number of recombinational meioses through a distribution of recombinational meioses we derive. We show how our results can be used to estimate the number of female ancestors between two relatives, giving us more genealogical details than possible with autosomal data alone.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 03, 2016.
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A Genealogical Look at Shared Ancestry on the X Chromosome
Vince Buffalo, Stephen M. Mount, Graham Coop
bioRxiv 046912; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/046912
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A Genealogical Look at Shared Ancestry on the X Chromosome
Vince Buffalo, Stephen M. Mount, Graham Coop
bioRxiv 046912; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/046912

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