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Microevolution of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) at neutral and immune-related genes during multiannual dynamic cycles: Consequences for Puumala hantavirus epidemiology

Dubois Adelaïde, Maxime Galan, Jean-François Cosson, Bertrand Gauffre, Heikki Henttonen, Jukka Niemimaa, Maria Razzauti, Liina Voutilainen, Renaud Vitalis, Emmanuel Guivier, Nathalie Charbonnel
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/048082
Dubois Adelaïde
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
bAnses, Unité de Virologie, 31 avenue Tony Garnier, 69364 Lyon, France
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  • For correspondence: adelaide.dubois@supagro.inra.fr
Maxime Galan
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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Jean-François Cosson
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
cINRA-ANSES-ENVA, UMR 0956 BIPAR, Maisons-Alfort, France.
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Bertrand Gauffre
dINRA, USC1339 (CEBC-CNRS), Villiers en Bois F-79360, France
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Heikki Henttonen
eNatural Resources Institute Finland, FI-013012 Vantaa, Finland
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Jukka Niemimaa
eNatural Resources Institute Finland, FI-013012 Vantaa, Finland
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Maria Razzauti
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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Liina Voutilainen
eNatural Resources Institute Finland, FI-013012 Vantaa, Finland
fDepartment of Virology, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Renaud Vitalis
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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Emmanuel Guivier
gBiogeosciences, CNRS UMR 6282, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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Nathalie Charbonnel
aINRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France
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ABSTRACT

Understanding how host dynamics, including variations of population size and dispersal, may affect the epidemiology of infectious diseases through ecological and evolutionary processes is an active research area. Here we focus on a bank vole (Myodes glareolus) metapopulation surveyed in Finland between 2005 and 2009. Bank vole is the reservoir of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), the agent of nephropathia epidemica (NE, a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal symptom) in humans. M glareolus populations experience multiannual density fluctuations that may influence the level of genetic diversity maintained in bank voles, PUUV prevalence and NE occurrence. We examine bank vole metapopulation genetics at presumably neutral markers and immune-related genes involved in susceptibility to PUUV (Tnf-promoter, Mhc-Drb, Tlr4, Tlr7 and Mx2 gene) to investigate the links between population dynamics, microevolutionary processes and PUUV epidemiology. We show that genetic drift slightly and transiently affects neutral and adaptive genetic variability within the metapopulation. Gene flow seems to counterbalance its effects during the multiannual density fluctuations. The low abundance phase may therefore be too short to impact genetic variation in the host, and consequently viral genetic diversity. Environmental heterogeneity does not seem to affect vole gene flow, which might explain the absence of spatial structure previously detected in PUUV in this area. Besides, our results suggest the role of vole dispersal on PUUV circulation through sex-specific and density-dependent movements. We find little evidence of selection acting on immune-related genes within this metapopulation. Footprint of positive selection is detected at Tlr-4 gene in 2008 only. We observe marginally significant associations between Mhc-Drb haplotypes and PUUV serology, and between Mx2 genotype and PUUV genogroups. These results show that microevolutionary changes and PUUV epidemiology in this metapopulation are mainly driven by neutral processes, although the relative effects of neutral and adaptive forces could vary temporally with density fluctuations.

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Posted September 16, 2016.
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Microevolution of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) at neutral and immune-related genes during multiannual dynamic cycles: Consequences for Puumala hantavirus epidemiology
Dubois Adelaïde, Maxime Galan, Jean-François Cosson, Bertrand Gauffre, Heikki Henttonen, Jukka Niemimaa, Maria Razzauti, Liina Voutilainen, Renaud Vitalis, Emmanuel Guivier, Nathalie Charbonnel
bioRxiv 048082; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/048082
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Microevolution of bank voles (Myodes glareolus) at neutral and immune-related genes during multiannual dynamic cycles: Consequences for Puumala hantavirus epidemiology
Dubois Adelaïde, Maxime Galan, Jean-François Cosson, Bertrand Gauffre, Heikki Henttonen, Jukka Niemimaa, Maria Razzauti, Liina Voutilainen, Renaud Vitalis, Emmanuel Guivier, Nathalie Charbonnel
bioRxiv 048082; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/048082

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