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Geo-climatic gradient shapes functional trait variations in Salix eriocephala Michx

Arun S.K. Shunmugam, Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Robert D. Guy
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/057745
Arun S.K. Shunmugam
1Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
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Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally
1Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0X2, Canada
2Indian Head Research Farm, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Indian Head, Saskatchewan,S0G 2K0, Canada
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  • For correspondence: raju.soolanayakanahally@agr.gc.ca
Robert D. Guy
3Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British,Columbia, Forest Sciences Centre, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Abstract

Intraspecific variations in seasonal phenology and growth physiology reflect adaptation to local climate. To explore the patterns of local adaptation along latitudinal and longitudinal clines, we used thirty-four populations of Salix eriocephala sourced from its natural ranges across Canada. The genotypes were examined for 6 phenology and 19 ecophysiology traits over two growing seasons under common garden condition. Photosynthetic assimilation rate (A) increased with increasein latitude when measured during free growth. In spite, the negative correlation between stomatal density and stomatal conductance (gs), higher A is facilitated via larger pore length among genotypes from short growing seasons. In addition, higher A, was positively associated with total leafnitrogen and leaf mass per unit area. No population level differences wereobserved for water use-efficiency (Δ13C), however nitrogen isotope discrimination (δ15N) displayed latitudinalclines. Growing season phenological traits considered in this study accounted highheritability (H2=0.65-0.94). Melampsora rust infestation also displayed a strong latitudinal cline with high-latitude genotypes being more susceptible. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that functional trait variations are largely explained by climate of origin and facilitate selection of parents with superior adaptive traits in the Canadian willow improvement program forbioenergy and environmental applications.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 08, 2016.
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Geo-climatic gradient shapes functional trait variations in Salix eriocephala Michx
Arun S.K. Shunmugam, Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Robert D. Guy
bioRxiv 057745; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/057745
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Geo-climatic gradient shapes functional trait variations in Salix eriocephala Michx
Arun S.K. Shunmugam, Raju Y. Soolanayakanahally, Robert D. Guy
bioRxiv 057745; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/057745

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