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Exposing the Diversity of Multiple Infection Patterns

View ORCID ProfileMircea T. Sofonea, View ORCID ProfileSamuel Alizon, View ORCID ProfileYannis Michalakis
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/058263
Mircea T. Sofonea
1Laboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS 5290, IRD 224, UM) 911 avenue Agropolis, B.P . 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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  • For correspondence: mircea.sofonea@ird.fr
Samuel Alizon
1Laboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS 5290, IRD 224, UM) 911 avenue Agropolis, B.P . 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Yannis Michalakis
1Laboratoire MIVEGEC (UMR CNRS 5290, IRD 224, UM) 911 avenue Agropolis, B.P . 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5 France
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Abstract

Natural populations often have to cope with genetically distinct parasites that can coexist, or not, within the same hosts. Theoretical models addressing the evolution of virulence have considered two within host infection outcomes, namely superinfection and coinfection. The field somehow became limited by this dichotomy that does not correspond to an empirical reality, as other infection patterns, namely sets of within-host infection outcomes, are possible. We indeed formally prove there are 114 different infection patterns for the sole recoverable chronic infections caused by horizontally-transmitted microparasites. We afterwards highlight eight infection patterns using an explicit modelling of within-host dynamics that captures a large range of ecological interactions, five of which have been neglected so far. To clarify the terminology related to multiple infections, we introduce terms describing these new relevant patterns and illustrate them with existing biological systems. This characterisation of infection patterns opens new perspectives for understanding the epidemiology and the evolution of parasites.

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  • ↵† These authors equally contributed to this work

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted June 10, 2016.
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Exposing the Diversity of Multiple Infection Patterns
Mircea T. Sofonea, Samuel Alizon, Yannis Michalakis
bioRxiv 058263; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/058263
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Exposing the Diversity of Multiple Infection Patterns
Mircea T. Sofonea, Samuel Alizon, Yannis Michalakis
bioRxiv 058263; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/058263

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