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Discovery of flavivirus-derived endogenous viral elements in two Anopheles mosquito genomes supports the existence of Anopheles-associated insect-specific flaviviruses

View ORCID ProfileSebastian Lequime, View ORCID ProfileLouis Lambrechts
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064907
Sebastian Lequime
1Insect-Virus Interactions Group, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
2Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3012, Paris, France
3University Pierre et Marie Curie, Cellule Pasteur UPMC, Paris, France
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  • For correspondence: sebastian.lequime@gmail.com
Louis Lambrechts
1Insect-Virus Interactions Group, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
2Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3012, Paris, France
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Abstract

The Flavivirus genus encompasses several arboviruses of public health significance such as dengue, yellow fever, and Zika viruses. It also includes insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) that are only capable of infecting insect hosts. The vast majority of mosquito-infecting flaviviruses have been associated with mosquito species of the Aedes and Culex genera in the Culicinae subfamily, which also includes most arbovirus vectors. Mosquitoes of the Anophelinae subfamily are not considered significant arbovirus vectors, however flaviviruses have occasionally been detected in field-caught Anopheles specimens. Whether such observations reflect occasional spillover or laboratory contamination or whether Anopheles mosquitoes are natural hosts of flaviviruses is unknown. Here, we provide in silico and in vivo evidence of transcriptionally active, flavivirus-derived endogenous viral elements (EVEs) in the genome of Anopheles minimus and Anopheles sinensis. Such non-retroviral endogenization of RNA viruses is consistent with a shared evolutionary history between flaviviruses and Anopheles mosquitoes. Phylogenetic analyses of the two newly described EVEs support the existence of a distinct clade of Anopheles-associated ISFs.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted September 19, 2016.
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Discovery of flavivirus-derived endogenous viral elements in two Anopheles mosquito genomes supports the existence of Anopheles-associated insect-specific flaviviruses
Sebastian Lequime, Louis Lambrechts
bioRxiv 064907; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064907
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Discovery of flavivirus-derived endogenous viral elements in two Anopheles mosquito genomes supports the existence of Anopheles-associated insect-specific flaviviruses
Sebastian Lequime, Louis Lambrechts
bioRxiv 064907; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064907

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