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Quantitative, image-based phenotyping methods provide insight into spatial and temporal dimensions of plant disease

View ORCID ProfileAndrew M. Mutka, Sarah J. Fentress, Joel W. Sher, Jeffrey C. Berry, Chelsea Pretz, View ORCID ProfileDmitri A. Nusinow, View ORCID ProfileRebecca Bart
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064980
Andrew M. Mutka
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Sarah J. Fentress
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Joel W. Sher
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Jeffrey C. Berry
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Chelsea Pretz
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Dmitri A. Nusinow
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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Rebecca Bart
aDonald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO
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  • For correspondence: rbart@danforthcenter.org
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Abstract

Plant disease symptoms exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns that are challenging to quantify. Image-based phenotyping approaches enable multi-dimensional characterization of host-microbe interactions and are well suited to capture spatial and temporal data that are key to understanding disease progression. We applied image-based methods to investigate cassava bacterial blight, which is caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam). We generated Xam strains in which individual predicted type III effector (T3E) genes were mutated and applied multiple imaging approaches to investigate the role of these proteins in bacterial virulence. Specifically, we quantified bacterial populations, water-soaking disease symptoms, and pathogen spread from the site of inoculation over time for strains with mutations in avrBs2, xopX, and xopK as compared to wild-type Xam. ΔavrBs2 and ΔxopX both showed reduced growth in planta and delayed spread through the vasculature system of cassava. ΔavrBs2 exhibited reduced water-soaking symptoms at the site of inoculation. In contrast, ΔxopK exhibited enhanced induction of disease symptoms at the site of inoculation but reduced spread through the vasculature. Our results highlight the importance of adopting a multi-pronged approach to plant disease phenotyping to more fully understand the roles of T3Es in virulence. Finally, we demonstrate that the approaches used in this study can be extended to many host-microbe systems and increase the dimensions of phenotype that can be explored.

Summary: Novel, image-based phenotyping methods enhance characterization of plant-pathogen interactions.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 22, 2016.
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Quantitative, image-based phenotyping methods provide insight into spatial and temporal dimensions of plant disease
Andrew M. Mutka, Sarah J. Fentress, Joel W. Sher, Jeffrey C. Berry, Chelsea Pretz, Dmitri A. Nusinow, Rebecca Bart
bioRxiv 064980; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064980
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Quantitative, image-based phenotyping methods provide insight into spatial and temporal dimensions of plant disease
Andrew M. Mutka, Sarah J. Fentress, Joel W. Sher, Jeffrey C. Berry, Chelsea Pretz, Dmitri A. Nusinow, Rebecca Bart
bioRxiv 064980; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/064980

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