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Extensive genetic diversity among populations of the malaria mosquito Anopheles moucheti revealed by population genomics

Caroline Fouet, Colince Kamdem, Stephanie Gamez, Bradley J. White
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/068247
Caroline Fouet
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
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  • For correspondence: caroline.fouet@ucr.edu; bwhite@ucr.edu
Colince Kamdem
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
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Stephanie Gamez
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
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Bradley J. White
1Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
2Center for Disease Vector Research, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
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  • For correspondence: caroline.fouet@ucr.edu; bwhite@ucr.edu
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Abstract

Background Recent intensive efforts to control malaria in African countries expose vector populations to additional adaptive challenges. The main malaria mosquitoes of the continent display an array of adaptive strategies to cope with such challenges. The development of genomic resources will empower genetic studies that are crucial to understand the evolutionary history and adaptive potential of these vectors.

Methodology/Principal findings Here we constructed double-digest Restriction Associated DNA (ddRAD) libraries and generated 6461 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that we used to explore the population structure and demographic history of wild-caught Anopheles moucheti from Cameroon. The genome-wide distribution of allelic frequencies among sampled populations best fitted that of an old population at equilibrium, characterized by a weak genetic structure and extensive genetic diversity, presumably due to a large long term effective population size. In contrast to other important African malaria vectors, polymorphic chromosomal inversions play little role in the genome architecture and evolutionary adaptation of An. moucheti.

Conclusions/Significance Our study provides the first investigation of the genetic structure and diversity in An. moucheti at the genomic scale. Despite a weak genetic structure and absence of adaptive divergence, the adaptive potential of this mosquito remains significant owing to a great diversity and standing genetic variation that can be used to face current vector control measures and other rapid anthropogenic and environmental changes.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission.
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Posted August 06, 2016.
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Extensive genetic diversity among populations of the malaria mosquito Anopheles moucheti revealed by population genomics
Caroline Fouet, Colince Kamdem, Stephanie Gamez, Bradley J. White
bioRxiv 068247; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/068247
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Extensive genetic diversity among populations of the malaria mosquito Anopheles moucheti revealed by population genomics
Caroline Fouet, Colince Kamdem, Stephanie Gamez, Bradley J. White
bioRxiv 068247; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/068247

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