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Investigation of the sexual reproduction strategy of the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) revealed trioecy

Herminia De la Varga, François Le Tacon, Mélanie Lagoguet, Flora Todesco, Torda Varga, Igor Miquel, Dominique Barry-Etienne, Christophe Robin, Fabien Halkett, Francis Martin, Claude Murat
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/073650
Herminia De la Varga
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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François Le Tacon
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Mélanie Lagoguet
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Flora Todesco
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Torda Varga
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Igor Miquel
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Dominique Barry-Etienne
2ALCINA sarl, 10 rue des Amaryllis, F-34070 Montpellier,France
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Christophe Robin
3INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR 1121 Laboratoire Agronomie-Environnement, Nancy-Colmar, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54518, France
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Fabien Halkett
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Francis Martin
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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Claude Murat
1INRA, Université de Lorraine, UMR1136 Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, Laboratoire 8 d’Excellence ARBRE, F-54280 Champenoux, France
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  • For correspondence: claude.murat@nancy.inra.fr
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Fungi display a rich variety of sexual reproduction systems and are therefore good models to investigate sex evolution. Moreover, understanding the investment in sexual reproduction of edible fungi is a critical challenge for improving their cultivation. The Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) is a heterothallic ascomycete associated with trees through ectomycorrhizas and forming highly prized ascocarps. The aim of this study was to unravel the sexual reproduction strategy (hermaphroditic versus male/female specialization) of T. melanosporum in a truffle orchard by disentangling the contribution of female and male genotypes to the formation of ascocarps in a five-year investigation. Few genotypes were hermaphrodites, co-occurring with numerous genotypes behaving only as female or male, revealing trioecy. The genetic diversity of the male genotypes was higher than female diversity, suggesting for male elements a higher recruitment from ascospores. Most of the female and male genotypes were transitory (present only one year), whereas some genotypes persisted for several years: female-fertile genotypes as mycorrhizas, and male-fertile genotypes as soil free-living mycelium. Contrary to other ascomycetes, a high number of female-fertile only genotypes was found. We hypothesized that the mycorrhizal life style favours female-fertile strains and therefore that the life strategy influences fungal sexual strategy.

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Posted September 06, 2016.
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Investigation of the sexual reproduction strategy of the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) revealed trioecy
Herminia De la Varga, François Le Tacon, Mélanie Lagoguet, Flora Todesco, Torda Varga, Igor Miquel, Dominique Barry-Etienne, Christophe Robin, Fabien Halkett, Francis Martin, Claude Murat
bioRxiv 073650; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/073650
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Investigation of the sexual reproduction strategy of the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) revealed trioecy
Herminia De la Varga, François Le Tacon, Mélanie Lagoguet, Flora Todesco, Torda Varga, Igor Miquel, Dominique Barry-Etienne, Christophe Robin, Fabien Halkett, Francis Martin, Claude Murat
bioRxiv 073650; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/073650

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