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Title: Time to wake up: Studying neurovascular coupling and brain-wide circuit function in the un-anesthetized animal

Yu-Rong Gao, Yuncong Ma, Qingguang Zhang, Aaron T. Winder, Zhifeng Liang, Lilith Antinori, Patrick J. Drew, Nanyin Zhang
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/077024
Yu-Rong Gao
Neuroscience Graduate ProgramDepartment of Engineering Science and Mechanics,
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Yuncong Ma
Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Qingguang Zhang
Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics,
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Aaron T. Winder
Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics,
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Zhifeng Liang
Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Lilith Antinori
Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Patrick J. Drew
Neuroscience Graduate ProgramDepartment of Engineering Science and Mechanics,Department of NeurosurgeryDepartment of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Nanyin Zhang
Neuroscience Graduate ProgramDepartment of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
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Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has allowed the noninvasive study of task-based and resting-state brain dynamics in humans by inferring neural activity from blood-oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) signal changes. An accurate interpretation of the hemodynamic changes that underlie fMRI signals depends on the understanding of the quantitative relationship between changes in neural activity and changes in cerebral blood flow, oxygenation and volume. While there has been extensive study of neurovascular coupling in anesthetized animal models, anesthesia causes large disruptions of brain metabolism, neural responsiveness and cardiovascular function. Here, we review work showing that neurovascular coupling and brain circuit function in the awake animal are profoundly different from those in the anesthetized state. We argue that the time is right to study neurovascular coupling and brain circuit function in the awake animal to bridge the physiological mechanisms that underlie animal and human neuroimaging signals, and to interpret them in light of underlying neural mechanisms. Lastly, we discuss recent experimental innovations that have enabled the study of neurovascular coupling and brain-wide circuit function in un-anesthetized and behaving animal models.

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Posted September 25, 2016.
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Title: Time to wake up: Studying neurovascular coupling and brain-wide circuit function in the un-anesthetized animal
Yu-Rong Gao, Yuncong Ma, Qingguang Zhang, Aaron T. Winder, Zhifeng Liang, Lilith Antinori, Patrick J. Drew, Nanyin Zhang
bioRxiv 077024; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/077024
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Title: Time to wake up: Studying neurovascular coupling and brain-wide circuit function in the un-anesthetized animal
Yu-Rong Gao, Yuncong Ma, Qingguang Zhang, Aaron T. Winder, Zhifeng Liang, Lilith Antinori, Patrick J. Drew, Nanyin Zhang
bioRxiv 077024; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/077024

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