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Lung epithelial cells have virus-specific and shared gene expression responses to infection by diverse respiratory viruses

James T. VanLeuven, Benjamin J. Ridenhour, Craig R. Miller, Tanya A. Miura
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/090936
James T. VanLeuven
aCenter for Modeling Complex Interactions, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
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Benjamin J. Ridenhour
aCenter for Modeling Complex Interactions, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
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Craig R. Miller
aCenter for Modeling Complex Interactions, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
cDepartment of Mathematics, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
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Tanya A. Miura
aCenter for Modeling Complex Interactions, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID USA
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  • For correspondence: tmiura@uidaho.edu
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Abstract

The severity and outcome of respiratory viral infections is partially determined by the cellular response mounted by infected lung epithelial cells. Disease prevention and treatment is dependent on our understanding of the shared and unique responses elicited by diverse viruses, yet few studies compare host responses to different viruses while controlling other experimental parameters. We compared changes in gene expression of murine lung epithelial cells infected individually by three respiratory viruses causing mild (rhinovirus, RV1B), moderate (coronavirus, MHV-1), and severe (influenza A virus, PR8) disease in mice. RV1B infection caused numerous gene expression changes, but the differential effect peaked at 12 hours post-infection. PR8 altered an intermediate number of genes whose expression continued to change through 24 hours. MHV-1 had comparatively few effects on host gene expression. The viruses elicited highly overlapping responses in antiviral genes, though MHV-1 induced a lower type I interferon response than the other two viruses. Signature genes were identified for each virus and included host defense genes for PR8, tissue remodeling genes for RV1B, and transcription factors for MHV-1. Our comparative approach identified universal and specific transcriptional signatures of virus infection that can be used to discover mechanisms of pathogenesis in the respiratory tract.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted December 02, 2016.
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Lung epithelial cells have virus-specific and shared gene expression responses to infection by diverse respiratory viruses
James T. VanLeuven, Benjamin J. Ridenhour, Craig R. Miller, Tanya A. Miura
bioRxiv 090936; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/090936
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Lung epithelial cells have virus-specific and shared gene expression responses to infection by diverse respiratory viruses
James T. VanLeuven, Benjamin J. Ridenhour, Craig R. Miller, Tanya A. Miura
bioRxiv 090936; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/090936

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