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Locomotion induces stimulus-specific response enhancement in adult visual cortex

View ORCID ProfileMegumi Kaneko, View ORCID ProfileYu Fu, View ORCID ProfileMichael P. Stryker
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/109660
Megumi Kaneko
1Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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  • ORCID record for Megumi Kaneko
Yu Fu
1Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
2Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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Michael P. Stryker
1Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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  • For correspondence: stryker@phy.ucsf.edu
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SUMMARY

The responses of neurons in the visual cortex (V1) of adult mammals have long been thought to be stable over long periods. Here, we investigated whether repeated exposure to specific stimuli would enhance V1 visual responses in mice using intrinsic signal imaging through the intact skull and two-photon imaging of calcium signals in single neurons. Mice ran on Styrofoam balls floating on air while viewing one of three different, high-contrast visual stimuli. V1 responses to the stimuli that were viewed by the animal were specifically enhanced, while responses to other stimuli were unaffected. Similar exposure in stationary mice, or in mice in which NMDA receptors were partially blocked, did not significantly enhance responses. These findings indicate that stimulus-specific plasticity in the adult visual cortex depends on concurrent locomotion, presumably as a result of the high-gain state of visual cortex induced by locomotion.

Significance Statement We report a rapid and persistent increase in visual cortical responses to visual stimuli presented during locomotion in intact mice. We first used a method that is completely non-invasive, intrinsic signal imaging through the intact skull. We then measured the same effects on single neurons using 2-photon calcium imaging and found that the increase in response to a particular stimulus produced by locomotion depends on how well the neuron is initially driven by the stimulus. To our knowledge, this is the first time such enhancement has been described in single neurons or using non-invasive measurements.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 22, 2017.
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Locomotion induces stimulus-specific response enhancement in adult visual cortex
Megumi Kaneko, Yu Fu, Michael P. Stryker
bioRxiv 109660; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/109660
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Locomotion induces stimulus-specific response enhancement in adult visual cortex
Megumi Kaneko, Yu Fu, Michael P. Stryker
bioRxiv 109660; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/109660

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