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Cortical neural activity predicts sensory acuity under optogenetic manipulation

John J. Briguglio, Mark Aizenberg, Vijay Balasubramanian, View ORCID ProfileMaria N. Geffen
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/119453
John J. Briguglio
1Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
3Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA
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Mark Aizenberg
2Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Vijay Balasubramanian
1Department of Physics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Maria N. Geffen
2Department of Otorhinolaryngology: HNS, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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  • ORCID record for Maria N. Geffen
  • For correspondence: mgeffen@med.upenn.edu
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Abstract

Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the mammalian sensory cortex form interconnected circuits that control cortical stimulus selectivity and sensory acuity. Theoretical studies have predicted that suppression of inhibition in such excitatory-inhibitory networks can lead to either an increase or, paradoxically, a decrease in excitatory neuronal firing, with consequent effects on stimulus selectivity. We tested whether modulation of inhibition or excitation in the auditory cortex could evoke such a variety of effects in tone-evoked responses and in behavioral frequency discrimination acuity. We found that, indeed, the effects of optogenetic manipulation on stimulus selectivity and behavior varied in both magnitude and sign across subjects, possibly reflecting differences in circuitry or expression of optogenetic factors. Changes in neural population responses consistently predicted behavioral changes for individuals separately, including improvement and impairment in acuity. This correlation between cortical and behavioral change demonstrates that, despite complex and varied effects these manipulations can have on neuronal dynamics, the resulting changes in cortical activity account for accompanying changes in behavioral acuity.

Author summary Excitatory and inhibitory interactions determine stimulus specificity and tuning in sensory cortex, thereby controlling perceptual discrimination acuity. Modeling of such excitatory-inhibitory circuits has predicted that suppressing the activity of inhibitory neurons can lead to increases or, paradoxically, decreases in excitatory activity, depending on the architecture and modulation parameters of the inhibitory component of the network. Here, we capitalized on differences between subjects to test whether suppressing/activating inhibition and excitation across a range of parameters in sensory cortex can in fact exhibit such paradoxical effects for both stimulus sensitivity and behavioral discriminability. Indeed, we found that the same optogenetic manipulation in the auditory cortices of different mice could improve or impair frequency discrimination acuity, in a fashion that was predictable from the effects on cortical responses to tones. The same manipulations sometimes produced opposite changes in the behavior of different individuals, supporting theoretical predictions for inhibition-stabilized networks.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted July 06, 2017.
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Cortical neural activity predicts sensory acuity under optogenetic manipulation
John J. Briguglio, Mark Aizenberg, Vijay Balasubramanian, Maria N. Geffen
bioRxiv 119453; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/119453
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Cortical neural activity predicts sensory acuity under optogenetic manipulation
John J. Briguglio, Mark Aizenberg, Vijay Balasubramanian, Maria N. Geffen
bioRxiv 119453; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/119453

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