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Carbon Fiber on Polyimide Ultra-Microelectrodes

View ORCID ProfileWinthrop F. Gillis, View ORCID ProfileCharles A. Lissandrello, Jun Shen, Ben W. Pearre, Alket Mertiri, Felix Deku, Stuart Cogan, Bradley J. Holinski, Daniel J. Chew, Alice E. White, View ORCID ProfileTimothy J. Gardner, View ORCID ProfileTimothy M. Otchy
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/123281
Winthrop F. Gillis
1Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Charles A. Lissandrello
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Jun Shen
1Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Ben W. Pearre
1Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Alket Mertiri
3Pendar Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Felix Deku
4Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Stuart Cogan
4Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Bradley J. Holinski
5Neuspera Medical, San Jose, CA, USA
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Daniel J. Chew
6Galvani Bioelectronics, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
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Alice E. White
2Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Materials Science and Engineering, and the Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Timothy J. Gardner
1Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Timothy M. Otchy
1Department of Biology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract

Most preparations for making neural recordings degrade over time and eventually fail due to insertion trauma and reactive tissue response. The magnitudes of these responses are thought to be related to the electrode size (specifically, the cross-sectional area) and the relative stiffness of the electrode material. Carbon fiber ultramicroelectrodes have a much smaller cross-section than traditional electrodes and thus may enable improved longevity of neural recordings in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Only two carbon fiber array designs have been described previously, each with limited channel densities due to limitations of the fabrication processes or interconnect strategies. Here, we describe a method for assembling carbon fiber electrodes on a flexible polyimide substrate that will facilitate the construction of high-density recording and stimulating arrays for acute use in peripheral nerves. Fibers were aligned using an alignment tool that was 3D-printed with sub-micron resolution using direct laser writing. Indium deposition on the carbon fibers provided a robust and reliable method of electrical connection to the polyimide traces. Spontaneous action potentials and stimulation-evoked compound responses with SNR > 10 and > 120, respectively, were recorded from a small (125 μm) peripheral nerve. We also improved the typically poor charge injection capacity of small diameter carbon fibers can be improved by electrodepositing 100 nm thick iridium oxide films, making the carbon fiber arrays suitable for electrical stimulation as well as recording.

Footnotes

  • E-mail: totchy{at}bu.edu

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted April 04, 2017.
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Carbon Fiber on Polyimide Ultra-Microelectrodes
Winthrop F. Gillis, Charles A. Lissandrello, Jun Shen, Ben W. Pearre, Alket Mertiri, Felix Deku, Stuart Cogan, Bradley J. Holinski, Daniel J. Chew, Alice E. White, Timothy J. Gardner, Timothy M. Otchy
bioRxiv 123281; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/123281
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Carbon Fiber on Polyimide Ultra-Microelectrodes
Winthrop F. Gillis, Charles A. Lissandrello, Jun Shen, Ben W. Pearre, Alket Mertiri, Felix Deku, Stuart Cogan, Bradley J. Holinski, Daniel J. Chew, Alice E. White, Timothy J. Gardner, Timothy M. Otchy
bioRxiv 123281; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/123281

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