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Competition between histone and transcription factor binding regulates the onset of transcription in zebrafish embryos

Shai R. Joseph, Máté Pálfy, View ORCID ProfileLennart Hilbert, Mukesh Kumar, View ORCID ProfileJens Karschau, View ORCID ProfileVasily Zaburdaev, Andrej Shevchenko, Nadine L. Vastenhouw
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/125716
Shai R. Joseph
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Máté Pálfy
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Lennart Hilbert
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
2Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
3Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzerstraße 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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Mukesh Kumar
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Jens Karschau
3Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzerstraße 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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Vasily Zaburdaev
2Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
3Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Nöthnitzerstraße 38, D-01187 Dresden, Germany
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Andrej Shevchenko
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Nadine L. Vastenhouw
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Abstract

SUMMARY Upon fertilization, the genome of animal embryos remains transcriptionally inactive until the maternal-to-zygotic transition. At this time, the embryo takes control of its development and transcription begins. How the onset of zygotic transcription is regulated remains unclear. Here, we show that a dynamic competition for DNA binding between nucleosome-forming histones and transcription factors regulates zebrafish genome activation. Taking a quantitative approach, we found that the concentration of non-DNA bound core histones sets the time for the onset of transcription. The reduction in nuclear histone concentration that coincides with genome activation does not affect nucleosome density on DNA, but allows transcription factors to compete successfully for DNA binding. In agreement with this, transcription factor binding is sensitive to histone levels and the concentration of transcription factors also affects the time of transcription. Our results demonstrate that the relative levels of histones and transcription factors regulate the onset of transcription in the embryo.

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Posted April 13, 2017.
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Competition between histone and transcription factor binding regulates the onset of transcription in zebrafish embryos
Shai R. Joseph, Máté Pálfy, Lennart Hilbert, Mukesh Kumar, Jens Karschau, Vasily Zaburdaev, Andrej Shevchenko, Nadine L. Vastenhouw
bioRxiv 125716; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/125716
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Competition between histone and transcription factor binding regulates the onset of transcription in zebrafish embryos
Shai R. Joseph, Máté Pálfy, Lennart Hilbert, Mukesh Kumar, Jens Karschau, Vasily Zaburdaev, Andrej Shevchenko, Nadine L. Vastenhouw
bioRxiv 125716; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/125716

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