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Activations of Deep Convolutional Neural Network are Aligned with Gamma Band Activity of Human Visual Cortex

Ilya Kuzovkin, Raul Vicente, Mathilde Petton, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Monica Baciu, Philippe Kahane, Sylvain Rheims, Juan R. Vidal, Jaan Aru
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/133694
Ilya Kuzovkin
1Computational Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Estonia
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  • For correspondence: ilya.kuzovkin@gmail.com jaan.aru@gmail.com raulvicente@gmail.com
Raul Vicente
1Computational Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Estonia
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  • For correspondence: ilya.kuzovkin@gmail.com jaan.aru@gmail.com raulvicente@gmail.com
Mathilde Petton
2INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
3Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Jean-Philippe Lachaux
2INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
3Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Monica Baciu
4University Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040 Grenoble, France
5CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F38040 Grenoble, France
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Philippe Kahane
6Inserm, U1216, F-38000 Grenoble, France
7Neurology Department, CHU de Grenoble, Hôpital Michallon, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Sylvain Rheims
2INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Brain Dynamics and Cognition Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, France
8Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Université Lyon, Lyon, France
9Epilepsy Institute, Lyon, France
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Juan R. Vidal
4University Grenoble Alpes, LPNC, F-38040 Grenoble, France
5CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, F38040 Grenoble, France
10Catholic University of Lyon, France
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Jaan Aru
1Computational Neuroscience Lab, Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Estonia
11Department of Penal Law, School of Law, University of Tartu, Estonia
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  • For correspondence: ilya.kuzovkin@gmail.com jaan.aru@gmail.com raulvicente@gmail.com
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Abstract

Previous work demonstrated a direct correspondence between the hierarchy of the human visual areas and layers of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) trained on visual object recognition. We used DCNNs to investigate which frequency bands correlate with feature transformations of increasing complexity along the ventral visual pathway. By capitalizing on intracranial depth recordings from 100 patients and 11293 electrodes we assessed the alignment between the DCNN and signals at different frequency bands in different time windows. We found that gamma activity, especially in the lower spectrum (30 – 70 Hz), matched the increasing complexity of visual feature representations in the DCNN. These findings show that the activity of the DCNN captures the essential characteristics of biological object recognition not only in space and time, but also in the frequency domain. These results also demonstrate the potential that modern artificial intelligence algorithms have in advancing our understanding of the brain.

Significance Statement Recent advances in the field of artificial intelligence have revealed principles about neural processing, in particular about vision. Previous works have demonstrated a direct correspondence between the hierarchy of human visual areas and layers of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), suggesting that DCNN is a good model of visual object recognition in primate brain. Studying intracranial depth recordings allowed us to extend previous works by assessing when and at which frequency bands the activity of the visual system corresponds to the DCNN. Our key finding is that signals in gamma frequencies along the ventral visual pathway are aligned with the layers of DCNN. Gamma frequencies play a major role in transforming visual input to coherent object representations.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted February 09, 2018.
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Activations of Deep Convolutional Neural Network are Aligned with Gamma Band Activity of Human Visual Cortex
Ilya Kuzovkin, Raul Vicente, Mathilde Petton, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Monica Baciu, Philippe Kahane, Sylvain Rheims, Juan R. Vidal, Jaan Aru
bioRxiv 133694; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/133694
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Activations of Deep Convolutional Neural Network are Aligned with Gamma Band Activity of Human Visual Cortex
Ilya Kuzovkin, Raul Vicente, Mathilde Petton, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, Monica Baciu, Philippe Kahane, Sylvain Rheims, Juan R. Vidal, Jaan Aru
bioRxiv 133694; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/133694

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