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Genomics and telemetry suggest a role for migration harshness in determining overwintering habitat choice, but not gene flow, in anadromous Arctic Char

Jean-Sébastien Moore, Les N. Harris, Jérémy Le Luyer, Ben J. G. Sutherland, Quentin Rougemont, Ross F. Tallman, Aaron T. Fisk, Louis Bernatchez
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/138545
Jean-Sébastien Moore
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Les N. Harris
2Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Jérémy Le Luyer
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
3Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, Taravao, Tahiti, Polynésie Française
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Ben J. G. Sutherland
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
4Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada
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Quentin Rougemont
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Ross F. Tallman
2Freshwater Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Aaron T. Fisk
5Great Lakes Institute of Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
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Louis Bernatchez
1Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Abstract

Migration is a ubiquitous life history trait with profound evolutionary and ecological consequences. Recent developments in telemetry and genomics, when combined, can bring significant insights on the migratory ecology of non-model organisms in the wild. Here, we used this integrative approach to document dispersal, gene flow and potential for local adaptation in anadromous Arctic Char from six rivers in the Canadian Arctic. Acoustic telemetry data from 124 tracked individuals indicated asymmetric dispersal, with a large proportion of fish (72%) tagged in three different rivers migrating up the same short river in the fall. Population genomics data from 6,136 SNP markers revealed weak, albeit significant, population differentiation (average pairwise FST = 0.011) and asymmetric dispersal was also revealed by population assignments. Approximate Bayesian Computation simulations suggested the presence of asymmetric gene flow, although in the opposite direction to that observed from the telemetry data, suggesting that dispersal does not necessarily lead to gene flow. These observations suggested that Arctic Char home to their natal river to spawn, but may overwinter in rivers with the shortest migratory route to minimize the costs of migration in non-breeding years. Genome scans and genetic-environment associations identified 90 outlier markers putatively under selection, 23 of which were in or near a gene. Of these, at least four were involved in muscle and cardiac function, consistent with the hypothesis that migratory harshness could drive local adaptation. Our study illustrates the power of integrating genomics and telemetry to study migrations in non-model organisms in logistically challenging environments such as the Arctic.

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Posted October 26, 2017.
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Genomics and telemetry suggest a role for migration harshness in determining overwintering habitat choice, but not gene flow, in anadromous Arctic Char
Jean-Sébastien Moore, Les N. Harris, Jérémy Le Luyer, Ben J. G. Sutherland, Quentin Rougemont, Ross F. Tallman, Aaron T. Fisk, Louis Bernatchez
bioRxiv 138545; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/138545
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Genomics and telemetry suggest a role for migration harshness in determining overwintering habitat choice, but not gene flow, in anadromous Arctic Char
Jean-Sébastien Moore, Les N. Harris, Jérémy Le Luyer, Ben J. G. Sutherland, Quentin Rougemont, Ross F. Tallman, Aaron T. Fisk, Louis Bernatchez
bioRxiv 138545; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/138545

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