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Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha improves immunomodulation by dental mesenchymal stem cells

View ORCID ProfileVG. Martínez, I. Ontoria-Oviedo, CP. Ricardo, SE. Harding, R. Sacedón, A. Varas, A. Zapata, P. Sepúlveda, A. Vicente
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/141218
VG. Martínez
1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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I. Ontoria-Oviedo
2Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Valencia, Spain.
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CP. Ricardo
3National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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SE. Harding
3National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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R. Sacedón
3National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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A. Varas
1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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A. Zapata
4Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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P. Sepúlveda
2Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Regenerative Medicine and Heart Transplantation Unit, Valencia, Spain.
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A. Vicente
1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract

Background Human dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as highly accessible and attractive MSCs for use in regenerative medicine, yet some of their features are not as well characterized as in other MSCs. Hypoxia-preconditioning and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) overexpression significantly improve MSC therapeutics, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In the present study, we characterize immunomodulatory properties of dental MSCs and determine changes in their ability to modulate adaptive and innate immune populations after HIF-1 alpha overexpression.

Methods Human dental MSCs were stably transduced with GFP (MSCs) or GFP-HIF-1 alpha lentivirus vectors (HIF-MSCs). Hypoxic-like metabolic profile was confirmed by mitochondrial and glycolysis stress test. Capacity of HIF-MSCs to modulate T cell activation, dendritic cell differentiation, monocyte migration and polarizations towards macrophages and NK cell lytic activity was assessed by a number of functional assays in co-cultures. Expression of relevant factors were determined by PCR analysis and ELISA.

Results While HIF-1 alpha overexpression did not modify inhibition of T cell activation by MSCs, HIF-MSCs impaired dendritic cell differentiation more efficiently. HIF-MSCs induced also higher attraction of monocytes, which differentiate into suppressor macrophages, and exhibited enhanced resistance to NK cell-mediated lysis, which support the improved therapeutic capacity of HIF-MSCs. HIF-MSCs also displayed a pro-angiogenic profile characterized by increased expression of CXCL12/SDF1 and CCL5/RANTES and complete loss of CXCL10/IP10 transcription.

Conclusions Immunomodulation and expression of trophic factors by dental MSCs make them perfect candidates for cell therapy. Overexpression of HIF-1 alpha enhances these features and increases their resistance to allogenic NK cell lysis and, hence, their potential in vivo lifespan. Our results further support the use of HIF-1 alpha-expressing dental MSCs for cell therapy in tissue injury and immune disorders.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC 4.0 International license.
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Posted May 24, 2017.
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Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha improves immunomodulation by dental mesenchymal stem cells
VG. Martínez, I. Ontoria-Oviedo, CP. Ricardo, SE. Harding, R. Sacedón, A. Varas, A. Zapata, P. Sepúlveda, A. Vicente
bioRxiv 141218; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/141218
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Overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha improves immunomodulation by dental mesenchymal stem cells
VG. Martínez, I. Ontoria-Oviedo, CP. Ricardo, SE. Harding, R. Sacedón, A. Varas, A. Zapata, P. Sepúlveda, A. Vicente
bioRxiv 141218; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/141218

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