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Wireless implantable sensor for non-invasive, longitudinal quantification of axial strain across rodent long bone defects

View ORCID ProfileBrett S. Klosterhoff, Keat Ghee Ong, Laxminarayanan Krishnan, Kevin M. Hetzendorfer, Young-Hui Chang, Mark G. Allen, Robert E. Guldberg, Nick J. Willett
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/142778
Brett S. Klosterhoff
1George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
2Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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  • ORCID record for Brett S. Klosterhoff
Keat Ghee Ong
6Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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Laxminarayanan Krishnan
2Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Kevin M. Hetzendorfer
2Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Young-Hui Chang
3School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Mark G. Allen
4School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
5Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Robert E. Guldberg
1George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
2Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Nick J. Willett
2Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
7Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
8Atlanta Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
9Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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Abstract

Bone development, maintenance, and regeneration are remarkably sensitive to mechanical cues. Consequently, mechanical stimulation has long been sought as a putative target to promote endogenous healing after fracture. Given the transient nature of bone repair, tissue-level mechanical cues evolve rapidly over time after injury and are challenging to measure non-invasively. The objective of this work was to develop and characterize an implantable strain sensor for non-invasive monitoring of axial strain across a rodent femoral defect during functional activity. Herein, we present the design, characterization, and in vivo demonstration of the device’s capabilities for quantitatively interrogating physiological dynamic strains during bone regeneration. Ex vivo experimental characterization of the device showed that it exceeded the technical requirements for sensitivity, signal resolution, and electromechanical stability. The digital telemetry minimized power consumption, enabling long-term intermittent data collection. Devices were implanted in a rat 6 mm femoral segmental defect model and after three days, data were acquired wirelessly during ambulation and synchronized to corresponding radiographic videos, validating the ability of the sensor to non-invasively measure strain in real-time. Lastly, in vivo strain measurements were utilized in a finite element model to estimate the strain distribution within the defect region. Together, these data indicate the sensor is a promising technology to quantify local tissue mechanics in a specimen specific manner, facilitating more detailed investigations into the role of the mechanical environment in dynamic skeletal healing and remodeling.

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Posted May 26, 2017.
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Wireless implantable sensor for non-invasive, longitudinal quantification of axial strain across rodent long bone defects
Brett S. Klosterhoff, Keat Ghee Ong, Laxminarayanan Krishnan, Kevin M. Hetzendorfer, Young-Hui Chang, Mark G. Allen, Robert E. Guldberg, Nick J. Willett
bioRxiv 142778; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/142778
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Wireless implantable sensor for non-invasive, longitudinal quantification of axial strain across rodent long bone defects
Brett S. Klosterhoff, Keat Ghee Ong, Laxminarayanan Krishnan, Kevin M. Hetzendorfer, Young-Hui Chang, Mark G. Allen, Robert E. Guldberg, Nick J. Willett
bioRxiv 142778; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/142778

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