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A century of guayule: Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) USDA Germplasm Collection

View ORCID ProfileDaniel C. Ilut, Paul L. Sanchez, Terry A. Coffelt, View ORCID ProfileJohn M. Dyer, Matthew A. Jenks, View ORCID ProfileMichael A. Gore
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/147256
Daniel C. Ilut
aPlant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Paul L. Sanchez
bU.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
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Terry A. Coffelt
bU.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
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John M. Dyer
bU.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 North Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ, 85138, USA
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Matthew A. Jenks
cDivision of Plant and Soil Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Michael A. Gore
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  • For correspondence: mag87@cornell.edu
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Abstract

The fragility of a single-source, geographically concentrated supply of natural rubber, a critical material of the modern economy, has brought guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) to the forefront as an alternative source of natural rubber. The improvement of guayule for commercial-scale production has been limited by the lack of genomic tools and well-characterized genetic resources required for genomics-assisted breeding. To address this issue, we developed nearly 50,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic markers and genotyped 69 accessions of guayule and its sister taxa mariola (Parthenium incanum Kunth), representing the entire available NALPGRU germplasm collection. We identified multiple interspecific hybrid accessions previously considered guayule, including six guayule-mariola hybrids and non-mariola interspecific hybrid accessions AZ-2 and AZ-3, two commonly used high-yielding cultivars. We dissected genetic diversity within the collection to identify a highly diverse subset of guayule accessions, and showed that wild guayule stands in Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA have the potential to provide hitherto untapped guayule genetic diversity. Together, these results provide the most thorough genetic characterization of guayule germplasm to date and lay the foundation for rapid genetic improvement of commercial guayule germplasm.

Key Results

  1. Six guayule accessions are guayule-mariola hybrids

  2. Guayule collections from Big Bend National Park contain novel guayule genotypes not present in collections from Mexico

  3. Commonly cultivated accessions AZ2 and AZ3 contain introgressions from other Parthenium species

  4. The triploid accessions 11591, 11646, N576, N565, N565II, and RICHARDSON are generally indistinguishable from each other with respect to genetic background and likely represent the 4265-I source genotype (Johnson, 1950)

  5. Open pollinated and purposefully outcrossed tetraploid selections derived from 4265-I incorporate further genetic diversity and form distinct genotypes

Footnotes

  • (dci1{at}cornell.edu)

  • (plsanchez{at}crrf.org), T. A. Coffelt (terry.coffelt.arc{at}gmail.com), and J. M. Dyer (John.Dyer{at}ars.usda.gov), USDA-ARS

  • (majenks{at}mail.wvu.edu)

  • Abbreviations ERP, Emergency Rubber Project; GBS, genotyping-by-sequencing; GRIN, Germplasm Resources Information Network; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; NCBI, National Center for Biotechnology Information; NPGS, USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System; NALPGRU, USDA-ARS National Arid Land Plant Genetics Resources Unit

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 07, 2017.
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A century of guayule: Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) USDA Germplasm Collection
Daniel C. Ilut, Paul L. Sanchez, Terry A. Coffelt, John M. Dyer, Matthew A. Jenks, Michael A. Gore
bioRxiv 147256; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/147256
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A century of guayule: Comprehensive Genetic Characterization of the Guayule (Parthenium argentatum A. Gray) USDA Germplasm Collection
Daniel C. Ilut, Paul L. Sanchez, Terry A. Coffelt, John M. Dyer, Matthew A. Jenks, Michael A. Gore
bioRxiv 147256; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/147256

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