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Bottled aqua incognita: Microbiota assembly and dissolved organic matter diversity in natural mineral waters

Celine C. Lesaulnier, Craig W. Herbold, Claus Pelikan, David Berry, Cédric Gérard, Xavier Le Coz, Sophie Gagnot, Jutta Niggemann, Thorsten Dittmar, Gabriel A. Singer, View ORCID ProfileAlexander Loy
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/154732
Celine C. Lesaulnier
1University of Vienna, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Craig W. Herbold
1University of Vienna, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Claus Pelikan
1University of Vienna, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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David Berry
1University of Vienna, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Cédric Gérard
4Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
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Xavier Le Coz
4Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
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Sophie Gagnot
4Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
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Jutta Niggemann
3University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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Thorsten Dittmar
3University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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Gabriel A. Singer
2Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Department of Ecohydrology, Müggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany.
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Alexander Loy
1University of Vienna, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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  • ORCID record for Alexander Loy
  • For correspondence: loy@microbial-ecology.net
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ABSTRACT

Background Non-carbonated natural mineral waters contain microorganisms that regularly grow after bottling despite low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Yet, the compositions of bottled water microbiota and organic substrates that fuel microbial activity, and how both change after bottling, are still largely unknown.

Results We performed a multifaceted analysis of microbiota and DOM diversity in twelve natural mineral waters from six European countries. 16S rRNA gene-based analyses showed that less than ten species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) dominated the bacterial communities in the water phase and associated with the bottle wall after a short phase of post-bottling growth. Members of the betaproteobacterial genera Curvibacter, Aquabacterium, and Polaromonas (Comamonadaceae) grew in most waters and represent ubiquitous, mesophilic, heterotrophic aerobes in bottled waters. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry of DOM in bottled waters and their corresponding source waters identified thousands of molecular formulae characteristic of mostly refractory, soil-derived DOM.

Conclusions The bottle environment, including source water physicochemistry, selected for growth of a similar low-diversity microbiota across various bottled waters. Relative abundance changes of hundreds of multi-carbon molecules were related to growth of less than ten abundant OTUs. We thus speculate that individual bacteria cope with oligotrophic conditions by simultaneously consuming diverse DOM molecules.

Copyright 
The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY 4.0 International license.
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Posted June 23, 2017.
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Bottled aqua incognita: Microbiota assembly and dissolved organic matter diversity in natural mineral waters
Celine C. Lesaulnier, Craig W. Herbold, Claus Pelikan, David Berry, Cédric Gérard, Xavier Le Coz, Sophie Gagnot, Jutta Niggemann, Thorsten Dittmar, Gabriel A. Singer, Alexander Loy
bioRxiv 154732; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/154732
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Bottled aqua incognita: Microbiota assembly and dissolved organic matter diversity in natural mineral waters
Celine C. Lesaulnier, Craig W. Herbold, Claus Pelikan, David Berry, Cédric Gérard, Xavier Le Coz, Sophie Gagnot, Jutta Niggemann, Thorsten Dittmar, Gabriel A. Singer, Alexander Loy
bioRxiv 154732; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/154732

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