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Bimodal Spindle Orientation Drives Tissue Regularity in a Proliferating Epithelium

View ORCID ProfileTara M. Finegan, View ORCID ProfileDaxiang Na, Austin V. Skeeters, Nicole S. Dawney, View ORCID ProfilePatrick W. Oakes, View ORCID ProfileAlexander G. Fletcher, View ORCID ProfileDan T. Bergstralh
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/178517
Tara M. Finegan
1Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Anatomy Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, UK,
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Daxiang Na
2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
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Austin V. Skeeters
3Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA
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Nicole S. Dawney
4Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA,
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Patrick W. Oakes
3Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA
4Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA,
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Alexander G. Fletcher
5School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S3 7RH, UK,
6Bateson Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
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Dan T. Bergstralh
2Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14627, USA
3Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA
4Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, 14627, USA,
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Abstract

We investigated the relationship between proliferation and tissue topology in an epithelial tissue undergoing elongation. We found that cell division is not required for elongation of the early Drosophila follicular epithelium, but does drive the tissue towards optimal geometric packing. To increase tissue regularity, cell divisions are oriented in the planar axis, along the direction of tissue expansion. Planar division orientation is governed by apico-cortical tension, which aligns with tissue expansion but not with interphase cell shape elongation. Hertwig’s Rule, which holds that cell elongation determines division orientation, is therefore broken in this tissue. We tested whether this observation could be explained by anisotropic activity of the conserved Pins/Mud spindle-orienting machinery, which controls division orientation in the apical-basal axis. We found that Pins/Mud does not participate in planar division orientation. Rather, tension translates into planar division orientation in a manner dependent on Canoe/Afadin, which links actomyosin to adherens junctions. These findings demonstrate that division orientation in different axes - apical-basal and planar - is controlled by distinct, independent mechanisms in a proliferating epithelium.

Summary Statement Regularity in a proliferating epithelium requires cells to divorce division orientation from interphase shape, which they accomplish by using distinct mechanisms to orient divisions in the apical-basal and planar axes.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted October 14, 2017.
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Bimodal Spindle Orientation Drives Tissue Regularity in a Proliferating Epithelium
Tara M. Finegan, Daxiang Na, Austin V. Skeeters, Nicole S. Dawney, Patrick W. Oakes, Alexander G. Fletcher, Dan T. Bergstralh
bioRxiv 178517; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/178517
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Bimodal Spindle Orientation Drives Tissue Regularity in a Proliferating Epithelium
Tara M. Finegan, Daxiang Na, Austin V. Skeeters, Nicole S. Dawney, Patrick W. Oakes, Alexander G. Fletcher, Dan T. Bergstralh
bioRxiv 178517; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/178517

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