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Task-related effective connectivity reveals that the cortical rich club gates cortex-wide communication

View ORCID ProfileMario Senden, Niels Reuter, View ORCID ProfileMartijn P. van den Heuvel, View ORCID ProfileRainer Goebel, Gustavo Deco, View ORCID ProfileMatthieu Gilson
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/185603
Mario Senden
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6201BC Maastricht, The Netherlands
2Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Niels Reuter
3Institute of Systems Neuroscience and Institute of Clinical Neuroscience & Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
4Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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Martijn P. van den Heuvel
5Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Rainer Goebel
1Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6201BC Maastricht, The Netherlands
2Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
6Department of Neuroimaging and Neuromodeling, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), 1105BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gustavo Deco
7Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Roc Boronat 138, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
8Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, 08010, Spain
9Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
10School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
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Matthieu Gilson
7Center for Brain and Cognition, Computational Neuroscience Group, Department of Information and Communication Technologies, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Roc Boronat 138, Barcelona, 08018, Spain
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Abstract

Higher cognition may require the globally coordinated integration of specialized brain regions into functional networks. A collection of cortical hubs - referred to as the rich club - has been hypothesized to support task-specific functional integration. In the present paper, we use a whole-cortex model to estimate directed interactions between 68 cortical regions from fMRI activity for four different tasks (reflecting different cognitive domains) and resting state. We analyze the state-dependent input and output effective connectivity of the rich club and relate these to whole-cortex dynamics and network reconfigurations. We find that the cortical rich club exhibits an increase in outgoing effective connectivity during task performance as compared to rest while incoming connectivity remains constant. Increased outgoing connectivity targets a sparse set of peripheral regions with specific regions strongly overlapping between tasks. At the same time, community detection analyses reveal massive reorganizations of interactions among peripheral regions, including those serving as target of increased rich cub output. This suggests that while peripheral regions can play a role in several tasks, their interplay might nonetheless be task-specific. Furthermore, we observe that whole-cortex dynamics are faster during task as compared to rest. The decoupling effects usually accompanying faster dynamics appear to be counteracted by the increased rich club outgoing effective connectivity. Together our findings speak to a gating mechanism of the rich club that supports fast-paced information exchange among relevant peripheral regions in a task-specific and goal-directed fashion, while constantly listening to the whole network.

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The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Posted September 07, 2017.
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Task-related effective connectivity reveals that the cortical rich club gates cortex-wide communication
Mario Senden, Niels Reuter, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Rainer Goebel, Gustavo Deco, Matthieu Gilson
bioRxiv 185603; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/185603
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Task-related effective connectivity reveals that the cortical rich club gates cortex-wide communication
Mario Senden, Niels Reuter, Martijn P. van den Heuvel, Rainer Goebel, Gustavo Deco, Matthieu Gilson
bioRxiv 185603; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/185603

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