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In vivo, chromatin is a fluctuating polymer chain at equilibrium constrained by internal friction

M. Socol, R. Wang, D. Jost, P. Carrivain, V. Dahirel, A. Zedek, C. Normand, K. Bystricky, J.M. Victor, View ORCID ProfileO. Gadal, View ORCID ProfileA. Bancaud
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/192765
M. Socol
1LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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R. Wang
2Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
3Material Science & Engineering School, Henan University of Technology, 450001,Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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D. Jost
4Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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P. Carrivain
5Laboratoire de Physique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5672, Lyon 69007, France
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V. Dahirel
6UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8234 CNRS Phenix, F-75005 Paris, France
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A. Zedek
1LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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C. Normand
2Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
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K. Bystricky
2Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
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J.M. Victor
7CNRS, UMR 7600, LPTMC, F-75005 Paris, France
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O. Gadal
2Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Eucaryote, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI),Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31000, Toulouse, France
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  • ORCID record for O. Gadal
  • For correspondence: abancaud@laas.fr olivier.gadal@ibcg.biotoul.fr
A. Bancaud
1LAAS-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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  • ORCID record for A. Bancaud
  • For correspondence: abancaud@laas.fr olivier.gadal@ibcg.biotoul.fr
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Abstract

Chromosome mechanical properties determine DNA folding and dynamics, and underlie all major nuclear functions. Here we combine modeling and real-time motion tracking experiments to infer the physical parameters describing chromatin fibers. In vitro, motion of nucleosome arrays can be accurately modeled by assuming a Kuhn length of 35-55 nm. In vivo, the amplitude of chromosome fluctuations is drastically reduced, and depends on transcription. Transcription activation increases chromatin dynamics only if it involves gene relocalization, while global transcriptional inhibition augments the fluctuations, yet without relocalization. Chromatin fiber motion is accounted for by a model of equilibrium fluctuations of a polymer chain, in which random contacts along the chromosome contour induce an excess of internal friction. Simulations that reproduce chromosome conformation capture and imaging data corroborate this hypothesis. This model unravels the transient nature of chromosome contacts, characterized by a life time of ∼2 seconds and a free energy of formation of ∼1 kBT.

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Posted September 24, 2017.
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In vivo, chromatin is a fluctuating polymer chain at equilibrium constrained by internal friction
M. Socol, R. Wang, D. Jost, P. Carrivain, V. Dahirel, A. Zedek, C. Normand, K. Bystricky, J.M. Victor, O. Gadal, A. Bancaud
bioRxiv 192765; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/192765
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In vivo, chromatin is a fluctuating polymer chain at equilibrium constrained by internal friction
M. Socol, R. Wang, D. Jost, P. Carrivain, V. Dahirel, A. Zedek, C. Normand, K. Bystricky, J.M. Victor, O. Gadal, A. Bancaud
bioRxiv 192765; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/192765

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